Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Equality Act Essay Example for Free

Correspondence Act Essay Learning aims: Researching the enactment that ensures all gatherings secured Breaking down the key highlights of the enactment Surveying the manners by which the enactment tends to their requirements Evaluating the qualities and shortcomings of the enactment To think about how as a scope of care laborers would utilize against unfair practice Success Criteria Would i be able to name the enactment that secures all gatherings secured? Would i be able to clarify the key highlights of this enactment? Would i be able to evaluate how this enactment meets the client’s needs? Would i be able to assess the qualities and shortcomings of this demonstration? Exploration Questions: 1. New meanings of separation Just as immediate separation, roundabout segregation, badgering and exploitation The Equality Act plots three new classes of separation that specific gatherings of people are ensured against. Characterize the three extra sorts of segregation underneath: 2. Who is ensured under the Equality Act (secured qualities)? an) Age-The Act ensures representatives everything being equal however remains the main secured trademark that permits managers to legitimize direct separation, for example on the off chance that a business can show that to apply diverse treatment in view of someones age establishes a proportionate methods for meeting an authentic point, at that point no separation will have occurred. The Act keeps on permitting managers to have a default retirement age of 65, as long as the default retirement age remains. b) Disability-The Act incorporates another security emerging from inability and now expresses that it is unjustifiable to treat an incapacitated individual horribly in view of something associated with a handicap. A model gave is the inclination to commit spelling errors emerging from dyslexia. Additionally, circuitous segregation presently covers incapacitated individuals, which imply that a vocation candidate could guarantee that a specific standard or necessity inconveniences individuals with that inability. c) Gender reassignment-It is biased to treat individuals who propose to begin to or have finished a procedure to change their sexual orientation less well, for instance, since they are missing from work consequently. d) Marriage and common organization The Act keeps on securing representatives who are hitched or in a common association. Single individuals are anyway not ensured by the enactment against segregation. e) Pregnancy and maternity-The Act keeps on ensuring ladies against separation since they are pregnant or have conceived an offspring. f) Race-The Act keeps on securing individuals against segregation on the grounds of their race, which incorporates shading, nationality, ethnic or national root. g) Religion or conviction The Act keeps on ensuring individuals against separation on the grounds of their religion or their conviction, including an absence of any conviction. h) Sex-The Act keeps on securing the two people against segregation on the grounds of their sex. I) Sexual direction The Act keeps on securing swinger, gay, hetero and lesbian individuals from segregation on the grounds of their sexual direction. http://www.fpb.org/hottips/601/The_Equality_Act_2010:_protected_characteristics_and_types_of_discrimination.htm 3. Examination instances of separation and spot them into the graph in the right spot Kind of Discrimination Model Direct segregation For instance, when individuals are dealt with less well than others since they have some ‘irrelevant’ trademark; i.e., they are from an alternate ethnic foundation or have a place with a strict minority. Aberrant separation For instance, a clothing regulation that expects ladies to wear a knee length skirt (which has no immediate connection to their capacity to complete their work) could be in a roundabout way unfair against ladies from certain social or strict gatherings. Provocation Exploitation For instance, an individual is exploited (rebuffed or rewarded unreasonably) becauseâ they have submitted a question, or are accepted to have submitted a question, or upheld somebody who has submitted a question (this is a type of provocation). Segregation by affiliation For instance, declining to advance a lady who makes them care obligations since her mom has as of late had a stroke is segregation emerging from affiliation. Discernment segregation For instance, a hetero man who has a gay companion can't be victimized in light of the fact that somebody accepts (wrongly) that he is likewise gay. Outsider provocation For instance, a server of Asian birthplace has griped on a few events to her boss that a specific client has been offering supremacist comments to her. The business should find a way to shield the worker from badgering by an outsider, for example, restricting the client from the eatery.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

The primary purpose of satire Essay Example for Free

The basic role of parody Essay Talk about the exactness of this announcement for the two writings you have picked. Inside every single mocking work, there is a more profound reality underneath the content. Two such messages are Ben Eltons Dead Famous and Christopher Guests Best in Show, which both take a humorous perspective on logical issues inside society and have a fundamental earnestness. Dead Famous is a mid 21st century mock kind that parodies the possibility of unscripted tv. Dead Famous is set inside an unscripted tv arrangement entitled House Arrest in which 10 detainees are put inside a house with thirty TV cameras for sixty-three days and go after the publics warmth, which is all continually directed by Peeping Tom who controls what goes on inside the house. Underneath this parody, the author raises major issues about social orders fixation on unscripted tv, how genuine unscripted tv is, and questions what amusement truly is. Toward the start of the 21st century, the universes fixation on unscripted tv was ascending to a pinnacle. Numerous nations around the globe had a first period of Big Brother (On which Dead Famous was based), and had screened numerous other unscripted tv projects, for example, Shipwrecked, Survivor and Temptation Island. The content takes the unscripted tv type and sabotages it. This disruption occurs inside the content by the writer by taking an unscripted tv program and deriding. The significant strategy utilized by the arranger to scorn unscripted tv is exaggeration. Inside the content, every single ordinary part of unscripted tv (specifically Big Brother) have been taken to extraordinary extents. This incorporates the abuse of sexual references inside the content and the exaggerated occasions that occur inside the house. These sexual references have been dissipated all through the content, much like those on unscripted tv. Notwithstanding, these sexual references are taken to outrageous extents with the detainees verging on connecting inside the demonstration of sex very ahead of schedule inside the show. This metaphor has additionally been utilized through the occasion of a homicide that happens inside the house, this sensational occasion is one which could never happen on an unscripted tv program, anyway has been incorporated inside the content as it is a gross embellishment of the occasions that would happen inside a Big Brother house. Dead Famous likewise questions the truth of unscripted tv. The writer takes that what is appeared to the general population on House Arrest (and other unscripted tv programs) isn't really what occurs inside the house. The writer does this by demonstrating the responder a few perspectives. The main perspective is that of the detainees and what truly occurs inside the house on most days, in the arrangement that they happened. This perspective likewise permits the responder to see the considerations and emotions on exercises and circumstances that the cameras can't get, or decide not to communicate. This incorporates film of the Confession Box (a soundproof room where hopefuls can secretly address Peeping Tom) that the editors control and play specifically to the national crowd. Kellys first visit to the admission confine was specifically played an endeavor to make her the assigned abhor figure of the House Arrest arrangement. Another perspective is that of the makers and editors inside the altering room. From this viewpoint, the responder is indicated how the recording inside the house is controlled to show the open what the editors need them to see, and how the editors are paid to see what was really said and see what we [the producers] need as said. Inside this viewpoint the watchers are demonstrated the gadgets utilized by the editors to make a house most loved for general society to cherish and an assigned abhor figure or bitch for them to detest, and vote out. Through this, the responder is indicated that not everything that happens inside the house is what is appeared to them. The third point of view is that of what the agents are appeared through the day by day show which is seen by the general population as a step by step record of what happens inside the house. Through the day by day appear, the responder is demonstrated the impacts of the altering room. They are indicated the manner by which the individuals they have seen through complete film are appeared to the general population. The appalling Woggle is a case of how the responder is demonstrated his tarnished propensities during the genuine film, yet inside the day by day show all that is indicated is the thing that the open likes to see, his capacity to mix inconvenience and cause struggle among different prisoners, subsequently making him the most loved housemate. The case of woggle is one that shows how at all various focuses inside the programming (prisoners, editors and watchers) one individual can be seen in totally various manners.

Friday, August 21, 2020

moving out

moving out On Friday, May 22, I put on some waking-up music and started packing down my room. My finals were done, and move-out day was tomorrow. I only lived in East Campus G212 for half a semesterjust barely two months. Temporary as it had been, my room was a home and a safehouse. With a west-facing window, the sun slanted in past the Green Building in the afternoons and filled the high ceilings with a gentle in-betweenness, half out and half in, half exposed and half enclosed. Occasionally, loud voices and running footsteps, from the stairwell on the other side of the north wall. The door was always unlocked and often open, leaking music into the hallway. Friends wandered in at odd times; sometimes to say hi, sometimes to share a hug, sometimes to tool in the comfort of silent company. I spent many hours there alone, and just as many not: nights with food, drink, and the chatter of sixteen Toons; afternoons working on group projects; evenings of popcorn movies or quiet conversation. A friend once told me that my room felt welcoming, and I knew Id done something right. It was emotional, then, to strip these four walls of my existence. Photographs make a poor substitute for the sensation of interior space, but I grabbed a few anyway. north wall: aerospace postcards, AeroAstro patch, feathers, prayer cards, buttons, necklaces, swiss army knife, keys, Friendly Toast postcard, tambourine, photos, posters desk + window under loft: zip-tied power strip, airplane pushpins, rental applications and receipts, computer, lamp, speakers, watch support wall: letters, cards, friendship bracelet, a portrait done by a friend, an email from Petey about my CMS.400 final project It will be a while before I return to MIT. Following in the footsteps of many other  admissions  bloggers, Im withdrawing from MIT  next semester, with plans to return in spring 2016. Over the summer, Im interning in structural analysis at Northrop Grumman in San Diego; then, Ill be spending 4.5 months in Seattle working for Amazon. It will be the longest time in my life (since preschool, anyway) that I have spent being a non-student. I anticipate that learning to be a non-student will make me a better student when I return. I hope that I will return with a better sense of whats Out There in the Real World, and also a better sense of What I Dont Know That I Dont Know. Im looking to find a better understanding of myself: my motivators, my work, my interests, my dreams. Im trying to shape myself into a better person. For nowone day at a time. Eat three meals a day, sleep at least seven hours a night, exercise two to three times a week. I probably wont be blogging much while Im away, but Ill be on social media. I may resurface here occasionally with news from the outside. See you soon. Twitter: @allank_o Tumblr: xeaphyr Email: ask-allan [at] mit [dot] edu Moving Out At the end of last year, I transferred from Burton 2 to Burton 1, and while rooming in Burton-Conner is done on in a complex floor-by-floor system based upon class rank and whether youve lived in a double or single the previous term, I moved in last and thereby got put into a pretty tiny single. So tiny, in fact, that its called a coffin single, because you have just enough room to extend your arms all the way. Coffin singles are not for the claustrophobic, the faint of heart, or in this particular case, people who dislike the color purple because the girl before me happened to paint it a hearty violet shade. Still, I like to decorate, so I did spruce it up a bit: This picture really doesnt adequately represent how small this room is. Its smaller than my AP Chem teacher. She was like 43. Basically, it was a pretty big step down from my double during freshman fall, but most people move out of doubles freshman year into singles if they choose to stay in the dorms (about 50% of MIT guys pledge fraternities, and a large percentage of them move into those houses). Still, mine wasnt especially ideal, since it had a view of the other side of the dorm. The design is a pretty big downside to Burton-Conner most of its residents can see most of its residents, and while that works out great for Martys dad in Back to the Future, my main purpose behind living in Burton-Conner is not checking out the ladies. Fortunately, the senior who lives in the room around the corner from me moved out at the end of IAP, and the floor held re-rooming for her room specifically. And this entry would be really anticlimactic if I hadnt gotten her room, so luckily, I did. You can all send Kaitlin thank you letters for saving the plot from certain death. (Although we couldve buried it in my coffin single.) First step to moving in: the room required a paint job. Getting to paint your room and walls is a pretty big upside to Burton-Conner (as well as in Senior Haus, East Campus, Bexley, and I believe Random?..), so although Id moved twice before (from Next to Burton 2 to Burton 1) I was REALLY excited to get this new room. The coffin never really quite felt like mine, since I didnt get to pick it or paint it, so I got to remedy that with the help of my dad (my parents were visiting that weekend) and Gillian 10: The pre-roomwarming party went through several stages: from just Gillian and I loudly singing Ingrid Michaelson, to Rich 10 and Praveen 10 serenading us, to a personal Ben 11 concert (one of the most musically talented people Ive ever met, Ben can play pretty much any instrument and pretty much any song, after listening to a few measures i.e. Hot in Herre on the acoustic guitar), to a tea party, to a cleaning party. People will be talking about the pre-roomwarming party of 08 for YEARS, I swear. A note on that back wall: Gillian and I couldnt decide on a color for it, since I had a great teal color that went well with the light blue of the wall to the right (which I later used on that very wall, for the mural), but Gillian was a big fan of the light orange. So we both painted swatches and decided the swatches themselves looked cooler than just a solid color. The wall became a subject of great controversy between Gillian and my mom later that night. They both, however, liked the mural: That particular image (printed on a sweatshirt I bought last term) was the result of an internal struggle between that dinosaur and this dinosaur. I was initially leaning towards the latter because of my great affinity for sandwiches, but I went with the former because it seemed like itd be a little easier to sleep under. Ready to see the final room? I dont think youre ready for this jelly. I HAVE A FLOOR NOW. I can flail my arms wildly about in circles FOR NO REASON! Man, its great. I know the photos dont really represent it well, but you can sort of tell this room is a lot more spacious in the first photo, my bed is lofted and the futon/chair are underneath, and the desk is basically a foot away from that entire structure (nicknamed the PLANETARIUM FORT.. the reason behind that is kind of a long story, but basically it implies I have a really small room). But here I have enough room to just put my shoes under my bed, and leave the futon and chair against the back wall.. so the PLANETARIUM FORT name no longer really applies. Which is where you come in. What should I name the new room? Examples of other rooms on Burton 1 include TREEHOUSE (for the tree mural painted in the corner), UNITED NATIONS (for its diverse residents) and LOVECAVE (for obvious reasons). Right now Im thinking JURASSIC PARK, but Im definitely open to suggestions. So those are the new digs. Coming soon: Burton 1 Cribs, an inside look at the other super sweet rooms on my floor! (Also an entry about the classes Im taking this term Im cross-registering two at Harvard and Ring Premiere, which on Monday. Im personally more excited than Evan.) Speaking of my floor, the boys surprised all the girls yesterday with valentines on their doors: I almost died from the cuteness; seriously, nearly went into cardiac arrest. Hope your Valentines Days were all similarly lethal! (Send me your room suggestions. Itll be your Valentines Day gift to me. Also, questions!) Post Tagged #Burton-Conner House

moving out

moving out On Friday, May 22, I put on some waking-up music and started packing down my room. My finals were done, and move-out day was tomorrow. I only lived in East Campus G212 for half a semesterjust barely two months. Temporary as it had been, my room was a home and a safehouse. With a west-facing window, the sun slanted in past the Green Building in the afternoons and filled the high ceilings with a gentle in-betweenness, half out and half in, half exposed and half enclosed. Occasionally, loud voices and running footsteps, from the stairwell on the other side of the north wall. The door was always unlocked and often open, leaking music into the hallway. Friends wandered in at odd times; sometimes to say hi, sometimes to share a hug, sometimes to tool in the comfort of silent company. I spent many hours there alone, and just as many not: nights with food, drink, and the chatter of sixteen Toons; afternoons working on group projects; evenings of popcorn movies or quiet conversation. A friend once told me that my room felt welcoming, and I knew Id done something right. It was emotional, then, to strip these four walls of my existence. Photographs make a poor substitute for the sensation of interior space, but I grabbed a few anyway. north wall: aerospace postcards, AeroAstro patch, feathers, prayer cards, buttons, necklaces, swiss army knife, keys, Friendly Toast postcard, tambourine, photos, posters desk + window under loft: zip-tied power strip, airplane pushpins, rental applications and receipts, computer, lamp, speakers, watch support wall: letters, cards, friendship bracelet, a portrait done by a friend, an email from Petey about my CMS.400 final project It will be a while before I return to MIT. Following in the footsteps of many other  admissions  bloggers, Im withdrawing from MIT  next semester, with plans to return in spring 2016. Over the summer, Im interning in structural analysis at Northrop Grumman in San Diego; then, Ill be spending 4.5 months in Seattle working for Amazon. It will be the longest time in my life (since preschool, anyway) that I have spent being a non-student. I anticipate that learning to be a non-student will make me a better student when I return. I hope that I will return with a better sense of whats Out There in the Real World, and also a better sense of What I Dont Know That I Dont Know. Im looking to find a better understanding of myself: my motivators, my work, my interests, my dreams. Im trying to shape myself into a better person. For nowone day at a time. Eat three meals a day, sleep at least seven hours a night, exercise two to three times a week. I probably wont be blogging much while Im away, but Ill be on social media. I may resurface here occasionally with news from the outside. See you soon. Twitter: @allank_o Tumblr: xeaphyr Email: ask-allan [at] mit [dot] edu Moving Out At the end of last year, I transferred from Burton 2 to Burton 1, and while rooming in Burton-Conner is done on in a complex floor-by-floor system based upon class rank and whether youve lived in a double or single the previous term, I moved in last and thereby got put into a pretty tiny single. So tiny, in fact, that its called a coffin single, because you have just enough room to extend your arms all the way. Coffin singles are not for the claustrophobic, the faint of heart, or in this particular case, people who dislike the color purple because the girl before me happened to paint it a hearty violet shade. Still, I like to decorate, so I did spruce it up a bit: This picture really doesnt adequately represent how small this room is. Its smaller than my AP Chem teacher. She was like 43. Basically, it was a pretty big step down from my double during freshman fall, but most people move out of doubles freshman year into singles if they choose to stay in the dorms (about 50% of MIT guys pledge fraternities, and a large percentage of them move into those houses). Still, mine wasnt especially ideal, since it had a view of the other side of the dorm. The design is a pretty big downside to Burton-Conner most of its residents can see most of its residents, and while that works out great for Martys dad in Back to the Future, my main purpose behind living in Burton-Conner is not checking out the ladies. Fortunately, the senior who lives in the room around the corner from me moved out at the end of IAP, and the floor held re-rooming for her room specifically. And this entry would be really anticlimactic if I hadnt gotten her room, so luckily, I did. You can all send Kaitlin thank you letters for saving the plot from certain death. (Although we couldve buried it in my coffin single.) First step to moving in: the room required a paint job. Getting to paint your room and walls is a pretty big upside to Burton-Conner (as well as in Senior Haus, East Campus, Bexley, and I believe Random?..), so although Id moved twice before (from Next to Burton 2 to Burton 1) I was REALLY excited to get this new room. The coffin never really quite felt like mine, since I didnt get to pick it or paint it, so I got to remedy that with the help of my dad (my parents were visiting that weekend) and Gillian 10: The pre-roomwarming party went through several stages: from just Gillian and I loudly singing Ingrid Michaelson, to Rich 10 and Praveen 10 serenading us, to a personal Ben 11 concert (one of the most musically talented people Ive ever met, Ben can play pretty much any instrument and pretty much any song, after listening to a few measures i.e. Hot in Herre on the acoustic guitar), to a tea party, to a cleaning party. People will be talking about the pre-roomwarming party of 08 for YEARS, I swear. A note on that back wall: Gillian and I couldnt decide on a color for it, since I had a great teal color that went well with the light blue of the wall to the right (which I later used on that very wall, for the mural), but Gillian was a big fan of the light orange. So we both painted swatches and decided the swatches themselves looked cooler than just a solid color. The wall became a subject of great controversy between Gillian and my mom later that night. They both, however, liked the mural: That particular image (printed on a sweatshirt I bought last term) was the result of an internal struggle between that dinosaur and this dinosaur. I was initially leaning towards the latter because of my great affinity for sandwiches, but I went with the former because it seemed like itd be a little easier to sleep under. Ready to see the final room? I dont think youre ready for this jelly. I HAVE A FLOOR NOW. I can flail my arms wildly about in circles FOR NO REASON! Man, its great. I know the photos dont really represent it well, but you can sort of tell this room is a lot more spacious in the first photo, my bed is lofted and the futon/chair are underneath, and the desk is basically a foot away from that entire structure (nicknamed the PLANETARIUM FORT.. the reason behind that is kind of a long story, but basically it implies I have a really small room). But here I have enough room to just put my shoes under my bed, and leave the futon and chair against the back wall.. so the PLANETARIUM FORT name no longer really applies. Which is where you come in. What should I name the new room? Examples of other rooms on Burton 1 include TREEHOUSE (for the tree mural painted in the corner), UNITED NATIONS (for its diverse residents) and LOVECAVE (for obvious reasons). Right now Im thinking JURASSIC PARK, but Im definitely open to suggestions. So those are the new digs. Coming soon: Burton 1 Cribs, an inside look at the other super sweet rooms on my floor! (Also an entry about the classes Im taking this term Im cross-registering two at Harvard and Ring Premiere, which on Monday. Im personally more excited than Evan.) Speaking of my floor, the boys surprised all the girls yesterday with valentines on their doors: I almost died from the cuteness; seriously, nearly went into cardiac arrest. Hope your Valentines Days were all similarly lethal! (Send me your room suggestions. Itll be your Valentines Day gift to me. Also, questions!) Post Tagged #Burton-Conner House

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Online Friendships Hurt Adolescent Development - 884 Words

From these articles, I think that the basic argument that is being debated is psychologists Lauren Donchi and Susan Moore argued that online friendships hurt adolescent development. Its a Boy Thing: The Role of the Internet in Young Peoples Psychological Wellbeing,† indicates the side effects to adolescents’ use of Internet. They conclude that all well-being measures were negatively related to Internet focus. The article points out that time spent with online friends displaces offline relationships and time online negatively affected both emotional and social factors. However, Professors of Communication Patti M. Valkenburg and Jochen Peter affirms that online friends do no damage psychological wellbeing in the articleOnline Communication and Adolescent Well-being: Testing the Stimulation Versus the Displacement Hypothesis. They even point out that online friendships can enhance offline relationships. Besides these two articles mentioned above, there are many research st udies that relate to the issue of whether or not online friendships hurt adolescent development. Each side has its own reasons. For instance, those who believe that online friendships hurt adolescent development, Donchi and Moore claim that Internet use can psychologically impair adolescent development. They found that more time spent online was related to more loneliness. According to the article, Donchi and Moore mention that longer amounts of time could be interpreted as relatively antisocial,Show MoreRelatedThe Digital Age Is Detrimental On Our Youth Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesOur Youth Today’s abundance of digital technology is corrupting our youth. Digital technology is preventing the full development of cognitive, social and communication skills in children and adolescents. Electronic devices are introduced to babies and toddlers. Adolescents are glued to their smartphones and tablets. Games and social media have become the primary concern of adolescents and teenagers to the exclusion of real social relationships. Parents often do not intervene and are grateful that theirRead MoreSocial Medi The Start Of No Self Esteem1543 Words   |  7 Pagessharing, but has now turned into a place people to go harm and get harmed. Social media has made physical appearance a new trend, self harming a â€Å"thing†, and the overall â€Å"private life† an object of the past. Social media now starts when infants reach adolescents, right around the age of thirteen years olds when kids start getting phones and computers, and that are used without adult supervis ion. Social media causing self-esteem issues does not start and end at just adolescentes it can be carried throughRead MoreSocial Media Sites Impacting Children and Teens Essay1358 Words   |  6 PagesGross, E. (). The Impact of computer use on childrens and adolescent development. Applied Developmental Psychology, 22, 7-30. An electronic device, such as video games, home computers, and the internet has struck an important place in children and teenagers’ lives. The Internet and several other devices have a huge impact on the development of children and adolescents. The use of the internet affects children’s academic skill development, societal evolution, relationships, and perceptions of realityRead MoreCyberbullying And Social Media Has Taken The World By Storm1276 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves or others with hundreds and thousands of people from all over the world. Even though this is a positive thing, allowing people to get exposure for their businesses, blogs or even themselves online; this sense of sharing privacy has become a serious issue because not all of what is shared online is seen as having a positive outcome. One of social medias biggest cons is cyberbullying and it is never addressed. We never think to address something as big as cyberbullying because to most of usRead MoreApplying Virtual Communities Raised By Jane Mcgonigal And Sherry Turkle1646 Words   |  7 Pagessail down the river together, and adolescents don’t face the same pressure to develop the independence we have associated with moving forward into young adulthood.(page413) Parents give the child phone as gift. When young child go to other unfamiliar places they must feel fear and have responsible, the cell phone buffers this moment. Teenagers dislike to answer the phone because they think the phone makes them un independent. their easily sidetracked. Adolescent autonomy is not just about separationRead MoreFacebook s Influence On Social Media1035 Words   |  5 Pagescan be exposed to children because anyone can create a fake Facebook account and use it as an alias to hurt others. The power of being anonymous gives the user the chance to say whatever he wants and not get punished for it. It is so much easier to bully someone online because you are able to hide behind a keyboard. Thus, a large amount of children are exposed because â€Å"the viciousness of online bullying is exacerbated due to the depersonalized yet public nature of technology-based postings coupledRead MoreDoes Technology Make People Feel More Alone When We Are?2262 Words   |  10 Pagessomeone does not know what is happening with other countries or wants to learn more on politics, they can simply research the subject to gain an understandin g about it. Regarding college students, tech helps them further their career, they can go online and the information they find can guide them. Although society has technology at the tip of their fingers, the overall impact to our social, mental, and physical health is damaging. This paper will discuss the negative effects of technology, as wellRead MoreCauses and Solution of Juvenile Delinquency in America Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pagestheir power and wealth†. Gangs can caused fear in the neighborhood and terrorize others. â€Å"This activities can cause harm or land juveniles in prison or detention centers.†(hirby).Teens can learn additional bad behavior from those around them. friendship will probably form and be introduced to other troubled teens and make bad choices. â€Å"Youth who a little parental oversight can be easily influenced by gang membership and glamorized violence in popular culture.† That growing number of offender appearRead MoreThe Effect s Of Social Media On Teenagers Essay2265 Words   |  10 Pagesrelate to the condition of individuals. There are the number of types of Mental health problem, such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, eating disorders, and addiction disorders which threaten the growth of teenagers. As the development of new technology, Social media sites, including Facebook, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Twitter, and Instagram, provide the opportunities to people connect each other. The social media sites have become exceedingly popular in recent year, and it changesRead MoreEffects of Social Media on Young Adults Essay examples3514 Words   |  15 Pagesactive users; Facebook still holds the top social media spot with 701 million active users. Thanks to the sizeable growth in online activity, the Millennial Generation has lost touch with interpersonal communication. If not monitored, online social networking will become detrimental to the Millennial generation and following generatio ns’ social and psychological development, as the anonymity of cyber space has been shown to encourage negative behavior, leading to increased feelings of disconnection

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Deccan Plateau in Southern India

The Deccan Plateau is an extremely large plateau located in Southern India. The plateau covers a vast majority of the Southern and central parts of the country. The plateau extends over eight separate Indian states, covering a wide range of habitats, and it is one of the longer plateaus in the world. Deccan’s average elevation is around 2,000 feet. The word Deccan comes from the Sanskrit word of ‘Dakshina’, which means south. Location and Characteristics The Deccan Plateau is located in Southern India in-between two mountain ranges: the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. Each rise from their respective coasts and eventually converge to produce a triangle-shaped tableland atop the plateau. The climate on some parts of the plateau, especially the Northern areas, is much drier than that of the nearby coastlands. These areas of the plateau are very arid, and do not see much rain for periods of time. Other areas of the plateau however are more tropical and have distinct, different wet and dry seasons. The river valley areas of the plateau tend to be densely populated, as there is ample access to water and the climate is conducive to living. On the other hand, the dry areas in-between the river valleys are often largely unsettled, as these areas can be too arid and dry. The plateau has three principal rivers: the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Kaveri. These rivers flow from the Western Ghats on the western side of the plateau eastward toward the Bay of Bengal, which is the largest bay in the world. History The history of the Deccan is largely obscure, but it is known to have been an area of conflict for much of its existence with dynasties fighting for control. From the Encyclopedia Britannica: â€Å"The Deccan’s early history is obscure. There is evidence of prehistoric human habitation; low rainfall must have made farming difficult until the introduction of irrigation. The plateau’s mineral wealth led many lowland rulers, including those of the Mauryan (4th–2nd century  bce) and Gupta (4th–6th centuryce) dynasties, to fight over it. From the 6th to the 13th century, the Chalukya, Rastrakuta , Later Chalukya , Hoysala , and Yadava families successively established regional kingdoms in the Deccan, but they were continually in conflict with neighboring states and recalcitrant feudatories. The later kingdoms also were subject to looting raids by the Muslim  Delhi sultanate, which eventually gained control of the area. In 1347 the Muslim BahmanÄ « dynasty established an independent kingdom in the Deccan. The five Muslim states that succeeded the BahmanÄ « and divided its territory joined forces in 1565 at the Battle of Talikota to defeat Vijayanagar, the Hindu empire to the south. For most of their reigns, however, the five successor states formed shifting patterns of alliances in an effort to keep any one state from dominating the area and, from 1656, to fend off incursions by the Mughal Empire to the north. During the Mughal decline in the 18th century, the Marathas, the nizam of   Hyderabad , and the Arcot nawab vied for control of the Deccan. Their rivalries, as well as conflicts over succession, led to the gradual absorption of the Deccan by the British. When India became independent in 1947, the princely state of Hyderabad resisted initially but joined the Indian union in 1948.† The Deccan Traps The northwestern area of the plateau consists of many separate lava flows and igneous rock structures known as the Deccan Traps. This area is one of the largest volcanic provinces in the world.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Reality Is An Illusion Created By The Brain And Body Essay

Reality is Merely an Illusion Created by the Brain and Body Jayson Duffy Victory Charter School Abstract Reality is an illusion. This paper details the different ways that the brain and body integrate sensory information into our perception of reality. Each sense contributes to our personal realities and add to the illusion of what is and is not real. Each sense gathers and begins integration of sensory information to be sent to the brain. The brain contains specialized areas designed for the integration of specific pieces of information into our understanding of reality. Every part of the brain works together to complete the experience we know as reality. These integrations can also create sensations that seem real and deceive us. These sensations are just as real to us even though they may not truly be â€Å"real.† These false sensations, along with other sensations, contribute to our personal realities. â€Å"Reality is merely an illusion.† This quote by Albert Einstein has been widely perpetuated and in many cases dismissed as nonsensical speculation; however, very few realize just how accurate this statement is. Fred Lay, a man who has had his foot and lower leg amputated, still feels excruciating pain and other sensations in the foot. Even though the foot no longer exists, he still perceives it as being real and part of his body (Annenberg Learner, n.d.). Reality is not nearly as tangible as most have come to believe; rather, it is a fabrication that exists solely within anyShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Sensory Information On The Brain Essay1370 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough there are discrete cortexes in the brain, each with a specific purpose for integration, which have complex functions of their own, each part of the brain interacts with one another in complex ways that contribute to the integration of sensory information to the reality we are all so familiar with (Ea gleman, 2015a). As explained by Doctor David Eagleman (2015a), the brain is like a city. There is no true single place that reality could be said to exist in the mind. Just as in a city, thereRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet And A Midsummer Night s Dream1580 Words   |  7 Pagestrustworthy are only misinterpretations of reality created by our perspective, which make common illusions. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Hrm Pqhrm free essay sample

Link is a leading pharmaceutical company which has the head office in Colombo and also there are 7 branches all over the island. Over 200 workers are employed and Mr. Ravi Fernando is the training manager who has over 10 years experience in this field. He handles all the product training and also for training ,the company is known to spend heavily. These training included overseas training amp; other out sourced training programs. However , when new CEO Mr. Dylan Perera Joined the company Ravi Fernando had to justify this big amount of training cost and he was asked to provide a detailed report. He tried his best but he was failed in the same. CEO Dylan Perera wasnt satisfies as Mr. Ravi was not able to prove worthiness of his training programs at all. He has no any written records or at least the members couldnt explain what therere gained from the training. It was totally failure. Anyway Dylan is prompted to the forthcoming training schedule for 2009. My role as a consultant would be to identify * The key issues in the case that could have caused this situation * What has Ravi missed in his role as training manager and how that has led to the current problem * Suggestions and strategies which could be implemented In my report from here on it can be found recommendations and suggestions which can be implemented. 1) The key issues in the case that could have caused this situation Care-Link is a leading pharmaceutical company and Mr. Ravi Fernando is the training Manager of Care-Link. Ravi has done a great job in training and development of the company but it failed. The training outcome was not up to expectations. That is the biggest question. Issues in the case that could have caused this situation is as follows, * Spend a lot of money In this case Mr. Ravi spend a lot of money on training programs without onsidering whether those trainings are useful for the employees and effective for the success of the organization or not. Even though some aspects might not be measurable, there are measurable ways to determine if the money was spent wisely. Organizations have traditionally treated training as a cost and expense. When training has a sufficient payback, it can be viewed as an investment, not an expense. We have to identify the training need well and then to design the training program because it’s a huge waste if we spend a lot on unnecessary training programs. Before spending time and money, its better to follow a systematic process to first determine if training is a potential solution – and if it is, then we should develop a training program. Company should spend money on training wisely and that means making sure that there is a real need, that there are training objectives in place and that the learners will actually use what they have learned, immediately, back on the job. Then, your investment in training can actually pay huge dividends. That’s why in this case CEO Dylan Perera prompted to request a total plan for training initiatives before he approves any money for training during the year. * Objectives (training goals) set by the trainer, rather than the trainees Training objectives should set by both trainers and trainees up to their expectations. Here in this case Mr. Ravi decides on his own who are to send outsourced training and who are handling by himself. Effective trainers should be good communicators. He should have discuss with the employees before he sets the training objectives. Care Link’s practice was just to be nominated by the training division for training program actual need of the training should come up in the employees end due to gain a new knowledge or to fill a gap of required competence. Here the employees don’t have any opportunity to rise up with their own requirement of trainings. If the employees too have that opportunity it would be much easy to training division to build up training calendar and the budget on that to fulfill the real requirement of the raining. * A failure to identify the specific needs of employees and for employees to own their own development needs. Training is not the panacea to what ails every worker or every company. It is incorrect to assume that the problems facing every organization can be cured by â€Å"providing training. † In fact, only continuous learning, not training alone, can have an impact upon workforce productivity, but for a company to be successful in its learning interventions, it must know what it wishes to accomplish, give the proposed intervention time, energy and resources it needs to succeed, and ensure that there is a strategy into which the intervention will fit. Finally, there must be reinforcement, performance monitoring and evaluation. An identified training need pinpoints an area where change is required. Learning objectives specify what a person will be able to do differently as a result of training. The clearer the picture of what you want to achieve in a training session, the easier it becomes to plan the means and the greater the prospect of achieving success. Ineffective training adopts a scattergun approach, rather than pinpointing the target. Effective training designs are characterized by objectives which state clearly what the trained person will be able to do when back in the workplace. No accurate method to evaluate the training program In this case there was no specific method to evaluate the training program. When CEO asked the training manager Ravi, to justify the high training expenditure during the year and show more accurate proof other than a verbal explanation, he was failed to prove it because he never know an accurate method to evaluate the training program. Because companies have made large d ollar investments in training and education and view training as a strategy to be successful, they expect the outcomes or benefits related to training to be measurable. Therefore * To identify the program’s strengths and weaknesses. * To assess whether content, organization, and administration of the program contribute to learning and the use of training content on the job. * To identify which trainees benefited most or least from the program To gather data to assist in marketing training programs. * To determine the financial benefits and costs of the programs. * To compare the costs and benefits of training versus non-training investments. * To compare the costs and benefits of different training programs to choose the best program. Training programs should be evaluated. (see Attachment 01 for Evaluation Process) * Little or no support is given from upper management. The essence of a training need, then, is a gap between what exists and what is needed in order to meet or exceed the customer’s demands. One of the best payoffs from needs analysis is management involvement in training. Managers must play an active role in the diagnostic process and have a sense of ownership of the training event which results. When training is conducted at arm’s length from management, little can change. * No record on expenditure. There should be a record on overall expenditure of the training programmes. It should refer to the overall administration of the program. Cost could be classified in two areas, fixed cost like Trainer’s salary and accommodation cost and the variable costs like Training Material, venue and the necessary arrangements at the venue, food or snacks, transport and installation of training r equipments even though the variable cost is hard to measure it’s a must to measure the cost for the training to maintain the balance of the expenditure. Here the training Manager has failed to justify the high expenditure during the year 2008. That is due to the poor cost managing and not budget the training needs for the year ahead. Training budged which is setting in the beginning of the year should be accurate and well defined. 2) What has Ravi missed in his role as training manager and how that has led to the current problem Training managers have the primary responsibility of working with line managers to identify and meet personnel training needs. The training manager should establish training and entry-level requirements for key training positions and implement programs to select and develop training personnel. The training organization should exhibit a strong desire to meet the training needs of the line organization in both its approach to day-to-day activities and its long-term strategic planning. The training organization should help line managers, supervisors, and personnel recognize that training strengthens personnel and facility performance. A training managers supporting responsibilities may include the following, * Maintain training programs current. * Monitor instructor performance to verify training is conducted as outlined in approved training materials and in a manner that motivates personnel to learn. Verify that the training staff has obtained and is maintaining their technical and instructional knowledge and skills. * Develop training programs according to approved methodology. * Track training commitments to outside organizations such as the state and federal regulators, and assist line management in meeting these commitments. * Develop training program and trainee status reports for line managers, and assist line managers in identifying and resolving human performance issues. * Track current industry training issues. * Solicit line managers involvement when training commitments or needs are not being fulfilled. Work to establish mutual trust and cooperation between the training organization and all facility personnel. * Develop improved methods to meet training and facility objectives and goals as required. * Develop training policies that establish guidelines for all training functions. * Assist line management in identifying potential training needs based on facility and industry operating experiences. * Initiate and help prepare long-range objectives for the training organization that are consistent with corporate, facility, and training policies, and develop a system for verifying implementation of the actions needed to meet the objectives. Training managers should verify that employees participate in training and that training meets the employees needs. Here in this case there was no proper policy of training and development it’s the training managers duty to suggest a training policy for the organization. Mr. Ravi should have discuss with the top management about to make a good policy of training on behalf of the employees who needed the training. Training policies and procedures should support the accomplishment of the training mission, goals, and objectives by providing general guidance and detailed directions. Policies typically describe the conditions that guide the decision making process (i. e. , thoroughness, prudence, openness, and responsiveness). Procedures describe how specific tasks will be accomplished. And also The training manager of Care-Link Had no confidence with his training programs. When the CEO Dylan Perera was not satisfied with just verbal remarks and pushed Ravi to show more accurate proof on what he says, this was pressurizing Ravi to an extent that he was even thinking of leaving the company. This is because of his lack of confidence. Effective Training Manager should have good Confidence on what they train. Managing a training department offers a variety of roles that uncovers natural abilities and potential, while offering specific areas for development. Mr. Ravi Fernando as a experienced person in the pharmaceutical field , might be assuming him as a excellent facilitator of Training programs ,that why he himself handled all the products trainings but he should have understand as per the changing marketing requirement everything has to be changed by and by to meet up the market requirement. Should have seek opportunities to advance somewhere, and develop the strategic plan in accordance to that and then it should be linked the Training plan. Training Manger should be open minded to improve his skills or knowledge in areas which is related to the business and to the training requirement. Training Manger should be Responsible, reliable and accountable, ethical and able to instil a clear sense of purpose in others, Here in the Care Link people doesn’t get a chance to request trainings to fill their competency gaps, and the accountability wasn’t there as the case study views that Mr. Ravi himself failed to explain on what he has done in last year. If Mr. Ravi’s Character has heighted as a Problem solver, dealing with practical, people and problems, they would meet up best results than this. And of cause excellent consultancy skills should be there in his character as a training manager but case study not view any of the situation he has conducted due to understanding the internal customer requirements.. 3) Suggestions and strategies which could be implemented Care-Link company faced a lot of problems due to Ravis misconduct in his training programs. To make training and development more effective within your organization. Following suggestions and approaches will make companys employee training more effective and transferable; their application will result in measurable differences to organizations bottom line performance. * Make sure the need is a training and development opportunity. Do thorough needs and skills analysis to determine the real need for employee training and development. Make sure the opportunity you are pursuing or the problem you are solving is a training issue. Create a context for the employee training and development. Provide information for the employee about why the new skills, skill enhancement, or information is necessary. Make certain the employee understands the link between the training and his job. You can enhance the impact of the training even further if the employee sees the link between the training and his ability to contribute to the accomplishment of the organizations business plan and goals. Its also important to provide rewards and recognition as a result of successful completion and application of the training. Provide training and development that is really relevant to the skill you want the employee to attain or the information he needs to expand his work horizons. You may need to design an employee training session internally if nothing from training providers exactly meets your needs. Or, seek out providers who are willing to customize their offerings to match your specific needs. It is ineffective to ask an employee to attend a training session on general communication when his immediate need is to learn how to provide feedback in a way that minimizes defensive behavior. The employee will regard the training session as mostly a waste of time or too basic; his complaints will invalidate potential learning. * Favor employee training and development that has measurable objectives and specified outcomes that will transfer back to the job. Design or obtain employee training that has clearly stated objectives with measurable outcomes. Ascertain that the content leads the employee to attaining the skill or information promised in the objectives. With this information in hand, the employee knows exactly what he can expect from the training session and is less likely to be disappointed. He will also have ways to apply the training to the accomplishment of real workplace objectives. * Provide information for the employee about exactly what the training session will involve, prior to the training. Explain what is expected of the employee at the training session. This will help reduce the persons normal anxiety about trying something new. If she knows what to expect, she can focus on the learning and training transfer rather than her potential discomfort with the unknown. * Make clear to the employee that the  training is his/her responsibility and he/she needs to take the employee training seriously. She/he is expected to apply herself/himself to the employee training and development process before, during, and after the session. This includes completing pre-training assignments, actively participating in the session, and applying new ideas and skills upon returning to work. * Make sure that internal or external training providers supply pre-training assignments. Reading or thought-provoking exercises in advance of the session promote thoughtful consideration of the training content. Exercises or self-assessments, provided and scored in advance of the session, save precious training time for interaction and new information. These ideas will engage the employee in thinking about the subject of the session prior to the training day. This supplies important paybacks in terms of his interest, commitment, and involvement. As the Care link in a serious situation in having a proper Training and development policy, better to have climate survey among the employees of the company, which will provide all the information on the expectations and thoughts of the employees, then as per the requirement of internal and external customers the training division can buildup training policy. Policy statements and procedures should be developed on topics such as the following, * Analyzing tasks, designing and developing training materials, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of training activities. * Identifying personnel qualification and training needs according to position descriptions, job assignments, previous education, training, and experience * Assessing the level of expertise of subcontract personnel and temporary employees performing work at the facility. * Pursuing job-related education activities. * Handling of individuals whose performance is marginal or unsatisfactory during training (i. . , remedial training) * Describing training department and line organization responsibilities for the training and qualification of facility employees. * Incorporating into training lessons learned from facility and industry operating experiences. * Conducting consistent training and evaluation in the classroom, laboratory, simulator, and on-the-job training. * Co mmunicating between training and line managers (e. g. , curriculum committees, peer review groups) * Maintaining training records of personnel training and performance. * Controlling and administering tests to maintain evaluation integrity. Training and qualifying instructors. * Scheduling of training activities and determining makeup requirements. * Maintaining control of training equipment. * Exceptions. * Facility evaluation criteria. * Vendor short courses or use of vendors for training. Training procedures should describe the types of training and training programs to be conducted, training program prerequisites, and the training audience. The procedures should clearly indicate the training needed for each job position and the sequence in which it is to be completed. The procedures also may reflect the facilitys division of labor policies, position descriptions, and work assignment practices. CONCLUTION It is incorrect to assume that the problems facing every organization can be cured by â€Å"providing training. † In fact, only continuous learning, not training alone, can have an impact upon workforce productivity, but for a company to be successful in its learning interventions, it must know what it wishes to accomplish, give the proposed intervention time, energy and resources it needs to succeed, and ensure that there is a strategy into which the intervention will fit. Finally, there must be reinforcement, performance monitoring and evaluation. Company should spend money on training wisely and that means making sure that there is a real need, that there are training objectives in place and that the learners will actually use what they have learned, immediately, back on the job. Then, your investment in training can actually pay huge dividends. Effective training and development helps employees to reach their full potential whilst providing the organization with the skills and capabilities it needs for the long term.

Monday, April 6, 2020

Short Case Handles and Hinges Ltd Essay Example

Short Case: Handles and Hinges Ltd Essay CHAPTER 17 Quality planning and control Short case: Handles and Hinges Ltd HH was established in Birmingham, England, by two young entrepreneurs, Dave Philips and Chris Agnew, both experienced in the hardware trade. The business specialized in the ‘designer’ market for polished metal (brass or stainless steel) door handles, cupboard knobs, furniture fittings (mostly used in shop/office furniture) and hinges. Their company was successful, was based on HH’s reputation for high-quality, unique designs of both traditional and modern products, many of which were selected and specified by architects for large and prestigious projects such as new office developments in London’s Docklands. Dave, the Chief Executive Officer, with responsibility for sales, believed that most orders from construction companies were placed with HH because they assumed they had no other choice once the HH products had been specified. Larger companies would sometimes suggest to the architect that similar products were available at less than half the price. This advice was invariably ignored as the architect would be attracted by HH’s designs and quality, and would be reluctant to risk ‘spoiling’ multi-million pound projects for the sake of saving a few thousand pounds. Dave outlines the characteristics of the changing marketplace: ‘During a recession in the construction industry, particularly in office building, we expanded our direct sales to large UK hardware retail companies, which now account for about 40 per cent of our sales value, but only about 15 per cent of our gross profit. This segment is much more price-sensitive, so we must be able to manufacture good-quality, simple, standard products at low costs comparable to those of our competitors. Some of the reduced costs have been achieved by using thinner and cheaper materials similar to those used in our competitors’ products. We have just received our first consignment of brass sheet from Poland with a saving of over 10 per cent in this case. We also had to reorganize to reduce our processing costs. We will write a custom essay sample on Short Case: Handles and Hinges Ltd specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Short Case: Handles and Hinges Ltd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Short Case: Handles and Hinges Ltd specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Chris has done a great job of changing all production to modern batch methods. However, I am concerned that we are often late delivering to our UK retail customers, and this makes it difficult to keep good relationships and to get repeat orders. Fast delivery of relatively small quantities is required in the â€Å"retail segment†, whereas the construction/contractors market allows very long production lead times. Dependable delivery is crucial to avoid completion delays, for which we have been held financially accountable on some occasions! When customers complain about delivery or about faulty products, we try to compensate them in some way to keep their business – for example, by credit notes or discounts on the next order. Our representatives each spend about one day a week dealing with the consequences of late deliveries, but on the positive side, a meeting with a client is an opportunity to get the next order. The hardware retail companies often require very quick delivery, which is often only achieved by switching production to the item which is required first. Really, I am more concerned about reports of quality problems; an increasing number of construction companies have complained to us about dented or scratched handles, but our production department assures us that they left the factory in good condition and must have been damaged on site; which is to be expected on a large construction site. The Quality Control Manager says, however, he cannot give an absolute guarantee that they Chapter 17: Short case study 1 Copyright  © 2006 Pearson Education Limited Slack: Operations Management, 5th edition ere all OK, because we only do sampling of final production; if more than a few in a sample are found at final inspection to be sub-standard, the whole batch is rejected, reinspected, sorted and reworked. Using express courier transport and overtime in the factory, rework can usually be done in about a week, but invariably the contractors comp lain to the architect, perhaps because they dislike being told who to buy from. This can lead to lots of correspondence and meetings between HH, the contractor and the architect, when we could be doing other things. This problem seems to have got worse in the last two years; often it’s also difficult to agree if the product is sub-standard. It is frequently just a question of how shiny (or matt) the polish and lacquer finish is; at other times there are scratches in areas that really can’t been seen in use. Often the customers are too fussy, anyway. ’ Chris (the Manufacturing Director) put a different perspective on the problem. ‘The sales catalogue shows pictures of our products prepared for photography; special effects are used to give a bright polished finish but we actually use a matt finish. The samples used by Sales are specially made by experienced craftsmen to eliminate any scratching or minor faults; of course, we cannot always repeat that standard with the modern batch production methods. We were aware that the reorganization of production methods could lead to quality problems, so I introduced statistical control, a subject I studied extensively in a quantitative methods course at the local college. Our inspectors now take random samples of batches of components and measure important dimensions such as the diameter or length of brass handles, the thickness of the incoming materials, etc. Batches which fail are either rejected or reworked, and all material where we have identified any fault at all is returned to the supplier, and our buyers routinely threaten to place orders elsewhere. I instructed the supervisors to inspect press tooling just before the start of each production batch to ensure that there are no surface faults, so I think it is unlikely that the dents and blemishes are caused in production. I must make a point of checking that this is happening. Anyway, our final inspection sampling has been changed to give an acceptable quality level (AQL) of 2 per cent whereas until recently it was only 5 per cent. We have had to increase the number of final inspectors by four at a cost of ? 15 000 each per annum, but all the management team agrees that with quality products we must be confident of the final quality before packing. We trained some of our best assemblers in SPC and made them full-time inspectors; the combination of their technical and statistical skills ensures that we have the right people for this job. We could not rely on our operators to do any dimensional checks; hardly any of them know how to measure using a metric rule, let alone a micrometer or gauge. It is best to keep them concentrating on achieving correct output targets. I believe that most quality problems here must be caused by occasional operator carelessness. ‘The batch method of production has given us much more control over operations. No longer do we have to rely on hard-to-recruit craftsmen who did everything slowly and unpredictably. Now we make the most of economic batches at each stage, benefiting from the economies of scale of longer runs and cheaper unskilled labour. With incentive bonuses based on effective performance against agreed standard times, all our people are working faster to achieve the company’s goal of higher productivity. There is no doubt that our operations are now more productive than they’ve ever been. With high quality and low costs, we are now set for a major assault on the competition. We expect our profits to rise dramatically from the currently inadequate 1 per cent return on sales. ’ Chapter 17: Short case study 2 Copyright  © 2006 Pearson Education Limited Slack: Operations Management, 5th edition Questions 1. How does the company compete in its market place, and what is the role of ‘quality’ in its competitive strategy? 2. Do you think that the company’s use of statistical quality control is sensible? 3. Apply the gap model of quality diagnostics to the company. Chapter 17: Short case study 3 Copyright  © 2006 Pearson Education Limited

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Friendship honesty Essay Research Paper Example

Friendship honesty Essay Research Paper Example Friendship honesty Essay Paper Friendship honesty Essay Paper Friendship can be defined as the common relationship that occurs between two persons. It is created when one is experiencing comfort and emotionally safe when sharing his/her ideas with the other. For one to be called a friend. so that individual should be in a place of demoing a better apprehension of the other and besides assures him or her to be by his or her side in every emotional crisis. There are many properties that are considered to construct true friendly relationship ; in this essay we consider three properties. First. friendly relationship is based on trust no affair any obstructions on the manner. Friendship means that there exists honestness between the parties. Finally. friendly relationship means that the parties are non self-seekers. When friends trust each other. it means that at any clip that one friend falls in problem the other will assist without holding a 2nd idea. One should be free in the sharing of secrets and emotions without any fright of being betrayed. When friends trust each other. one is able to offer pieces of advice and protection to the other when faced with challenges in hard state of affairss. In friendly relationship. people will be able to portion their exposures with their friends because they believe in each other that no 1 should take advantage of the openness. : Some of the elements associated with trust are good company. love. good resonance. relaxation. and comfort when together in all fortunes. Finally. if friends trust each other. so one will be able to foretell what the other is capable of making when any state of affairs might originate Friendship means that honestness prevails at all times. This means that the friends should be positive to each other and besides should present properties such as truthfulness and downrightness in any state of affairs. Friends should non move in any mode that demonstrates any signifier of misgiving. lying. cheating and even larceny of any sort. Honesty in friendly relationship means that the friends will state the truth about any action taken. being sincere. carnival. honest. and loyal towards the care of their relationship. When friends are honest to each other. one should be able to state another the negative properties possessed by him or her and seek to do the state of affairs better. Honesty in friendly relationship is besides created when there is a bond and trust created between the parties such that there is an unconditioned openness created in every person. Friendship is non based on self-seekers. This means that the friendly relationship is non created for the intent of holding something malicious to derive from the relationship. True friendly relationship fundamentally portrays altruism ; one should non see the other as taking advantage of him or her after set uping a relationship. In true friendly relationship. a relationship is created where people trust and love one another unconditionally. One should non take advantage of the other when problem overcomes another. Opportunists run off when the benefits flicker off. but true friendly relationship does non establish their relationship on stuff facets but on the emotional and psychological foundations. Therefore. friendly relationship is the lone relationship that is able to travel through hard state of affairss and fortunes. It is cemented on neutrality and unconditioned demands. Due to the fondness. trueness. regard. love. trust. honestness. and non-opportunists. friends are able to make a strong bond that brings together people in the society. This will promote the persons to hold good moral behaviour in the society as a consequence of all the specific qualities of friendly relationship.

Friday, February 21, 2020

Does Having Natural Resources Necessarily Lead To Economic Growth and Essay

Does Having Natural Resources Necessarily Lead To Economic Growth and Development - Essay Example The paper tells that economic development is the sustainable increase in the people`s standard of living and measured using per capita income while economic growth is the increase in the capacity of a given country to produce goods and services over time and is reflected by the GDP. Past decades have proved that valuable natural resources such as natural gas, oil deposits and minerals do not necessarily lead to economic growth. This is evidenced by oil-rich African countries such as Angola, Nigeria, Congo, and Sudan. These countries earn several millions of dollars annually from oil exports yet the foreign exchange or the riches gained over the years has never been converted into a noticeable increase in GDP. In comparison, Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have experienced economic growth which can rival those of western countries. It is important to note that such countries do not have meaningful natural resources. The explosion of the car manufacturing industr y in the twentieth century led to an increase in the demand for natural resources such as rubber and copper. Minerals were abundantly extracted in several countries like the Netherlands and in time replaced manufacturing as the dominant sector of the economy. With time, the Dutch economy and other similar ones suffered due to the specialization of production and processing of the main resource extracted. The discovery of natural resources did have a positive impact on economic growth but over time, such economies as Netherland became stagnant. The common trend of availability of natural resources combined with slow or stagnant economic growth has been termed the Dutch Disease type of economy. Natural resources can also be a blessing to a country’s economy. A good example of this is Norway, which is the second largest oil exporter. Norway’s oil exports have surpassed other sectors and its foreign direct investment increased to 8% of GDP as of 1998. The manufacturing sec tor declined in relation to GDP since oil was discovered in the 1970s.

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Creative and effective curriculum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Creative and effective curriculum - Essay Example This brainstorm was done after guided reading. Children read in pairs about Viking shields and at the end they completed a brainstorm as a group and presented to the class. This brainstorm was done before designing the shield so that makes more sense and gives children ideas. Children benefit from this activity because they worked in pairs and groups (social skills), in the essay, this point can be extended Further, the teacher will provide a direction on the decoration by providing more information on the shapes, patterns, symmetry, tessellation and the use of a plan to remind the children of the designs. The students construct the longships on their own. In history, the approximate ratio of the longship’s length to the width was four to one almost the half the size of an egg carton. The construction should be carried out by at least two children. First, the children should cut the top half off the egg carton, as the bottom half will be the longships. The pieces left from the top portion will be glued over the leaks in the bottom portion of the carton. The item is then allowed to dry completely, and in the sink, water is allowed to flow and be filled close to a level of two inches. Demonstration of the longships during the Vikings age is carried out by floating the egg carton toy ship built by the students on top of the water in the sink. Further, items are placed on the egg carton to show weight. The weather conditions in Iceland and an explanation on the changes of the weather conditions in the country, particularly the fact that from early may to the end of July the weather conditions remain permanent daylight and that winters are have five hours of daylight from November to the end of January. (Feasey. 2007: 17)  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Teachers are expected to share lesson outcomes with the children†¦so that they may know the contents that they are going to receive†¦ and at the end of the lesson reflect on the success of the lesson†. Creative learning and

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay

The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay Impressionism was a movement or style of painting that originated and developed in France in 1870s and distinguished by its focus on the immediate impression produced by a landscape or scene and use of the primary colors to replicate actual reflected light. The style was characterized mainly by the use of intense colors, open composition, light and movement and brush strokes. The roots of impressionism are the early 19th century plein-air painting methods by the Barbizon school and naturalism of Camille Corot. Impressionists specialized mainly in genre scenes and landscapes. They were mainly concerned with producing visual reality in their paintings in terms of fleeting effects of color and light (Gunderson 35). The pioneers of impressionism included Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Manet and Degas. Monet was one of the most celebrated impressionists of his time. He was best known for his landscape painting. He particularly concentrated on painting the instant changes in nature. For instance, if nature changed color after a short while, Monet would blindly follow the change in his paintings to depict the true color of nature. Another painter who was revered was Manet. At the age of 29 years, he was reputed as the leading realistic painter (Halliwell 45). He was noted mainly for his reinterpretation of neoclassical themes and his approach to oil painting. The main characteristics of impressionism was a sense of immediacy, emphasis on light and its changes in quality, appearance of movement, unusual visual angles, overall effect rather than detail and visual brush strokes. Impressionists sought to capture and display nature at instants. They wanted to depict the changes in nature through paintings. They also aimed at showing the movements of the various phenomena in nature through art. The stylistic developments of impressionism included the use of short and broken brushstrokes that hardly convey forms, use of pure unmixed colors, and emphasis on the effect of light. Post-impressionism, on the other hand, was a style or movement of painting that sought to break away from the naturalism of impressionism and used color in expressive ways like expression of emotions rather than just optical impressions. Post-impressionists rejected the random spontaneity exercised by impressionists in favor of measured painting techniques based in science and study of optics (Nochlin 136). They believed that separate touches of interlaced color produced a higher vibrancy of color than what was being practiced by the impressionists. The main proponents of post-impressionism include Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, and Vincent van Gogh. The most influential person in post-impressionism is Georges Seurat. He is considered the father of post-impressionism. His styles of painting signaled a new trend that shifted from the traditional impressionism. He introduced a new style of painting known as pointillism or divisionism that sought to employ a scientific approach in the use of color. This led to a shift from impressionism, which concentrated in using unmixed primary colors. His main technique was that of using weaving and layering brushstrokes. This enabled him to achieve tapestry-like paint surfaces that depicted complementary and contrasting hues. This made his works to be admired by even other great post-impressionists like Vincent van Gogh making him to be of a great influence to later artists. Seuratà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s influence on post-impressionism artists traversed many decades. This is seen in the works of later artists like Charles Angrand whose work greatly resembled that of Seurat. Another great post-impressionist was Paul Cezanne. Paul Cezanne was a French artist. He was one of the main founders of post-impressionism and his works laid the foundation of the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism (Halliwell 86). His main style of painting was the use short and loaded brushstrokes, a style b orrowed from impressionism. Vincent van Gogh, on the other hand, was a Dutch post-impressionist. His work was notable for its bold color, emotional honesty and rough beauty. Vincent was one of the most influential post-impressionism artists as his work had great influence on art in the 20th century. His love for art began when he was a small child and this would influence his decision to become an artist in his later years. During his lifetime, Vincent produced over 2100 artworks. Paul Gauguin was a French post-impressionism artist. He was one of the artists whose work highly influenced the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism, though he was recognized and appreciated until he died. He was renowned for his experimental use of color and introduction of the synthetist style of art which has had a big influence on the modern art. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a French painter. He is best known for depicting the colorful and theatrical life in Paris in art. This led to production of provocative, elegant and exciting images of life in those days. Together with the likes van Gogh, Gauguin and Cezanne, he was among the post-impressionists that greatly influenced the shift from impressionism (Halliwell 92). Post-impressionism was characterized by many styles due to contribution of each artist. These artists could not agree on a common style of painting. However, their main aim was to shift from impressionism. Some of the styles that characterized the early impressionism art included the detailed painting of a particular landscape, which was mainly employed by Cezanne. This was in a bid to move away from the overall effect style of impressionists. Cezanne sought to depict greater pictorial structure of nature. Another style that was prevalent among post-impressionists was the use of symbolic and expressive content. Artists like Gauguin created paintings from imagination or memory (Stein et al 58). They expressed in their works a great connection with subject that inspired the works. Post-impressionists also placed emphasis on harmony in terms of surface design. The main differences between impressionism and post-impressionism are that impressionists sought to capture nature in its original and primitive state while post-impressionists sought to involve their imagination and memory in their works. Impressionists detached themselves from their works while post-impressionist sought to involve their emotions and expressions in their works. Another difference between impressionism and post-impressionism was that impressionism was mainly characterized with simple and overall depiction of nature while post-impressionism sought to depict details of the works of art and nature. They sought to show the still nature of life while impressionists wanted to show nature in motion (Nochlin 87). Post-impressionism as a form of art was mainly concerned with abstract depiction of works art through imagination while impression sought a realistic depiction of nature. The two works of art that bring out the differences between impressionism and post-impressionis m is the Birth of Venus by Adolphe-William Bouguereau and the Harvester by Jules Adolphe. The two paintings depict the kind of ideals held in the two schools of thought. For instance, in the painting the Birth of Venus, there is evidence of activity. The portray shows immediacy of the scene where the momentary activities of the people are captured. There is also evidence of movement with everyone involved in some activity. There is also the basic use of color where one color is used to paint one scene. On the contrary, the Harvester is a timeless portrait that is detailed (Stein et al 78). There is a combination of reality and imagination in the painting of the portrait. For instance, though the artist the harvester as a commoner, he gives her the beauty not common with commoners. There is also a combination of colors in the portrait.

Monday, January 20, 2020

Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc Company Overview Essay -- essays papers

Bridgestone/Firestone Company Overview Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., a subsidiary of Bridgestone Corporation, was formed in 1990 when Bridgestone U.S.A. merged with The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. In addition to manufacturing tires, Bridgestone/Firestone produces a variety of products including air springs, building materials, synthetic and natural rubber, and industrial fibers and textiles. The Nashville, Tennessee-based company has over 38 QS9000/ISO9000 Certified production facilities throughout the Americas, along with numerous international facilities throughout the world. Firestone's company philosophy is derived from a blend of Japanese and Americans methods, with a focus on providing quality products. In the words of the former leaders of Bridgestone and Firestone, Bridgestone/Firestone strives to "Serve Society with Products of Superior Quality" and to be the "Best Today ? Still Better Tomorrow." Bridgestone/Firestone is best known for it's production of tires (more than 8,000 different types and sizes), which account for more than 75 percent of its annual revenues. As a leader in world tire technology, Firestone utilizes research and development centers in three countries and testing centers around the world to help develop, manufacture and market tires for almost every kind of vehicle. (Bridgestone/Firestone Profile) Strengths Bridgestone/Firestone finds much of its strength in having "one of the richest tire makers in the world as its parent" (Chappell, 09/11/00). Bridgestone Corporation has been around since 1931 and has established itself as a well-known international manufacturer of tires, rubber products, automotive products, chemical products, sporting goods, and other products (Bridgestone Annual Report, 1999). The resources and prestige of having Bridgestone as a parent gives Firestone an extra edge in the market. One of Firestone's biggest strengths is the fact that Firestone's passenger vehicle trade is not the critical part of Bridgestone Corp's world profit picture. Roughly 60% of Bridgestone's North American profits came from the sale of heavy-duty truck tires. Firestone has a 16% share of that market, and the Bridgestone brand holds another 6.5 percent share. Another strength for Firestone is its well-established brand name. According to an Automotive News reporter, the Firestone brand is "posi... ...ndsay. Automotive News, September 11, 2000 v75 i5893 p47. "Firestone's Non-Ford Customers Show Little Concern Over Recall." Chappell, Lindsay. Automotive News, September 25, 2000 v75 i5895 p8. "More Firestones for Honda Civic" "3 suppliers may sell tires for next Explorer." Automotive News, Sept 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "The tire flap: behind the feeding frenzy." Business Week, October 16, 2000 i3703 p126. Firestone Tire Recall Legal Information Center, http://www.firestone-tire-recall.com Grimaldi, James V. and Caroline Mayer, Washington Post, "4 Former Firestone Workers Deposed," August 24, 2000, pE01. Hess, David. National Journal, September 16, 2000 v32 i38 p2896. "Firestone's Other Tire Debacle." "A Company Under Fire: Did Firestone do Enough to Protect Its Own Workers?," Newsweek, September 18, 2000 p30. "Ford, Fireston knew of tire problems for years." United Press International, September 29, 2000 p1008271u8435. "Testimony Indicates Abuse at Firestone," United Press International, August 14, 2000 p1008226u6557. Wilson, Amy. Automotive News, September 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "Labor Unions Unrest Adds to Bridgestone/Firestone's Problems" Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc Company Overview Essay -- essays papers Bridgestone/Firestone Company Overview Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., a subsidiary of Bridgestone Corporation, was formed in 1990 when Bridgestone U.S.A. merged with The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. In addition to manufacturing tires, Bridgestone/Firestone produces a variety of products including air springs, building materials, synthetic and natural rubber, and industrial fibers and textiles. The Nashville, Tennessee-based company has over 38 QS9000/ISO9000 Certified production facilities throughout the Americas, along with numerous international facilities throughout the world. Firestone's company philosophy is derived from a blend of Japanese and Americans methods, with a focus on providing quality products. In the words of the former leaders of Bridgestone and Firestone, Bridgestone/Firestone strives to "Serve Society with Products of Superior Quality" and to be the "Best Today ? Still Better Tomorrow." Bridgestone/Firestone is best known for it's production of tires (more than 8,000 different types and sizes), which account for more than 75 percent of its annual revenues. As a leader in world tire technology, Firestone utilizes research and development centers in three countries and testing centers around the world to help develop, manufacture and market tires for almost every kind of vehicle. (Bridgestone/Firestone Profile) Strengths Bridgestone/Firestone finds much of its strength in having "one of the richest tire makers in the world as its parent" (Chappell, 09/11/00). Bridgestone Corporation has been around since 1931 and has established itself as a well-known international manufacturer of tires, rubber products, automotive products, chemical products, sporting goods, and other products (Bridgestone Annual Report, 1999). The resources and prestige of having Bridgestone as a parent gives Firestone an extra edge in the market. One of Firestone's biggest strengths is the fact that Firestone's passenger vehicle trade is not the critical part of Bridgestone Corp's world profit picture. Roughly 60% of Bridgestone's North American profits came from the sale of heavy-duty truck tires. Firestone has a 16% share of that market, and the Bridgestone brand holds another 6.5 percent share. Another strength for Firestone is its well-established brand name. According to an Automotive News reporter, the Firestone brand is "posi... ...ndsay. Automotive News, September 11, 2000 v75 i5893 p47. "Firestone's Non-Ford Customers Show Little Concern Over Recall." Chappell, Lindsay. Automotive News, September 25, 2000 v75 i5895 p8. "More Firestones for Honda Civic" "3 suppliers may sell tires for next Explorer." Automotive News, Sept 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "The tire flap: behind the feeding frenzy." Business Week, October 16, 2000 i3703 p126. Firestone Tire Recall Legal Information Center, http://www.firestone-tire-recall.com Grimaldi, James V. and Caroline Mayer, Washington Post, "4 Former Firestone Workers Deposed," August 24, 2000, pE01. Hess, David. National Journal, September 16, 2000 v32 i38 p2896. "Firestone's Other Tire Debacle." "A Company Under Fire: Did Firestone do Enough to Protect Its Own Workers?," Newsweek, September 18, 2000 p30. "Ford, Fireston knew of tire problems for years." United Press International, September 29, 2000 p1008271u8435. "Testimony Indicates Abuse at Firestone," United Press International, August 14, 2000 p1008226u6557. Wilson, Amy. Automotive News, September 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "Labor Unions Unrest Adds to Bridgestone/Firestone's Problems"

Saturday, January 11, 2020

The Man Who Loved Flowers

Thomas Mahoney 2-15-13 ENG 112 The Man Who Loved Flowers This story starts out in a very peaceful innocent setting, in New York City. There is a sense of love in the air, and the smell of spring. There is a man walking along the streets in a gray streets turning everyones attention because then can tell he is happy and in love. This story takes place in May of 1963 right before the summer starts. Stephen King is extremely descriptive in the story with the man's appearance; â€Å"He had that look about him.He was dressed in a light grey suit, the narrow tie pulled down a little, his top collar button undone. His hair was dark and cut short. His complexion was fair, his eyes a light blue. Not an extraordinary face, but on this soft spring evening, on this avenue, in May of 1963, he was beautiful†(King) The interesting thing about this story is how it seems so beautiful and peaceful, but draws a thin line with insanity.The first sense of something being wrong in the story is when the man goes to buy flowers, and there is a radio playing a news program talking about a hammer murder that was on the loose, but this is immediately dismissed because everything seems so perfect in the moment. As the man walks away he hesitates and touches something in his pocket, which foreshadows what could happen later in the story. â€Å"The young man passed the flower-stand and the sound of the bad news faded. He hesitated, looked over his shoulder, and thought it over.He reached into his coat pocket and touched the something in there again. For a moment his face seemed puzzled, lonely, almost haunted, and then, as his hand left the pocket, it regained its former expression of eager expectation. â€Å"(King) The imagery in this story is so beautiful and down to earth for almost the whole story, until it becomes dark and depressing at the end. King goes from writing about flowers, the beautiful spring weather, love being in the air, kids loving life and playing, to a hammer, blood everywhere, dark alleys, creepy vibes, and a presence of death.When the story turns from afternoon to night is when the man goes to visit Norma, the love of his life. This is when the story turns dark. They grow close together, and the closer they get, he realizes that the woman is not Norma, in fact, Norma had been dead for Ten years. He handed her the flowers though and she denied him and gave them back. She thanks him and begins to explains that she is not Norma, but he cuts her off mid sentence and whispers â€Å"Norma†(King)as he pulls the hammer out of his pocket. This gives an extremely creepy mood to the story abruptly. She backed away, her face a round white blur, her mouth an opening black 0 of terror, and she wasn't Norma, Norma was dead, she had been dead for ten years, and it didn't matter because she was going to scream and he swung the hammer to stop the scream, to kill the scream, and he swung the hammer the spill of flowers fell out of his hand, the sp ill spilled and broke open, spilling red, white, and yellow tea roses beside the dented trash cans where the cats made alien love in the dark, screaming in love, screaming, screaming. (King) King brings up how hard it is to love to the reader during this part of the story by being extremely descriptive and frightening. He shows how hard life is to move on once you're in love and then you lose the one love. This is one of the hardest things for people to deal with in life. The name of the character is revealed at the end of the story, King calls him â€Å"Love†. He presents the idea that love makes you do insane things that you would never do if you weren't in love, and it can take over you're personality and change your life.At this point in the story, King confuses the reader by making them realize how misleading the story was from the beginning. It gives a sense of the unknown to the reader and leaves them questioning how it went from being so positive to negative in a matt er of seconds. There are some small hints that he foreshadows in the beginning of the story but nothing too evident. â€Å"His own smile trembled a little, and he felt a moment's disquiet. Her face over the sailor blouse suddenly seemed blurred. It was getting darker now. . . could he have been mistaken?Surely not. It was Norma. â€Å"(King) It is a crazy and unexpected change of events when it goes from having the reader believe that it is a typical friendly man that is in love, and all the sudden the reader discovers he was the hammer murderer. That's what makes this a great story because it is so misleading at first. King is so creative in the way he makes you think when you are reading the story, he knows how to get inside the readers head and really make them think about the thin line between fear and love, and how easily that line is broken. None of it seemed real, none of it seemed to matter. The air was soft and sweet. Two men with beer bellies stood outside a bakery, pitc hing nickels and ribbing each other. Spring trembled on the edge of summer, and in the city, summer is the season of dreams. â€Å"(King) It would take a genius to predict that the man in the beginning of the story ended up being a killer at the end, it is hard to even believe. it makes you think that anyone you see walking on the street could be a killer like that, and you would never know.The fact that King doesn't provide the main character with a name further proves the point that and unsuspecting person could be a cold hearted killer. This is another reason King is such a great writer, he is so clever with the way he tells his stories and all of the minor details he provides. He creates a character that seems to be a typical everyday male that is in love with a girl, but underneath that he is a murderer. This brings me back the my thesis of how thin the line between love and insanity is.I love the way the mood suddenly switches and smoothly King makes the transition into a dar k frightening story. â€Å"His name was love, and he walked these dark streets because Norma was waiting for him. And he would find her. Some day soon. He began to smile. A bounce came into his step as he walked on down Seventy-third Street. A middle-aged married couple sitting on the steps of their building watched him go by, head cocked, eyes afar away, a half-smile on his lips. when he had passed by the woman said, ‘How come you never look that way any more?Huh? , ‘Nothing,' she said, but she watched the young man in the grey suit disappear into the gloom of the encroaching night and thought that if there was anything more beautiful than springtime, it was young love. â€Å"(King) This is a great way to end the story because it presents the reader with a sense of hope, and brings back the sense of beauty that started the story. King is a writer unlike any other, he makes the reader think in ways that make them question there own life.