The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay

The Impressionism Vs Post Impressionism Film Studies Essay Impressionism was a movement or style of painting that originated and developed in France in 1870s and distinguished by its focus on the immediate impression produced by a landscape or scene and use of the primary colors to replicate actual reflected light. The style was characterized mainly by the use of intense colors, open composition, light and movement and brush strokes. The roots of impressionism are the early 19th century plein-air painting methods by the Barbizon school and naturalism of Camille Corot. Impressionists specialized mainly in genre scenes and landscapes. They were mainly concerned with producing visual reality in their paintings in terms of fleeting effects of color and light (Gunderson 35). The pioneers of impressionism included Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Alfred Sisley, Manet and Degas. Monet was one of the most celebrated impressionists of his time. He was best known for his landscape painting. He particularly concentrated on painting the instant changes in nature. For instance, if nature changed color after a short while, Monet would blindly follow the change in his paintings to depict the true color of nature. Another painter who was revered was Manet. At the age of 29 years, he was reputed as the leading realistic painter (Halliwell 45). He was noted mainly for his reinterpretation of neoclassical themes and his approach to oil painting. The main characteristics of impressionism was a sense of immediacy, emphasis on light and its changes in quality, appearance of movement, unusual visual angles, overall effect rather than detail and visual brush strokes. Impressionists sought to capture and display nature at instants. They wanted to depict the changes in nature through paintings. They also aimed at showing the movements of the various phenomena in nature through art. The stylistic developments of impressionism included the use of short and broken brushstrokes that hardly convey forms, use of pure unmixed colors, and emphasis on the effect of light. Post-impressionism, on the other hand, was a style or movement of painting that sought to break away from the naturalism of impressionism and used color in expressive ways like expression of emotions rather than just optical impressions. Post-impressionists rejected the random spontaneity exercised by impressionists in favor of measured painting techniques based in science and study of optics (Nochlin 136). They believed that separate touches of interlaced color produced a higher vibrancy of color than what was being practiced by the impressionists. The main proponents of post-impressionism include Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, and Vincent van Gogh. The most influential person in post-impressionism is Georges Seurat. He is considered the father of post-impressionism. His styles of painting signaled a new trend that shifted from the traditional impressionism. He introduced a new style of painting known as pointillism or divisionism that sought to employ a scientific approach in the use of color. This led to a shift from impressionism, which concentrated in using unmixed primary colors. His main technique was that of using weaving and layering brushstrokes. This enabled him to achieve tapestry-like paint surfaces that depicted complementary and contrasting hues. This made his works to be admired by even other great post-impressionists like Vincent van Gogh making him to be of a great influence to later artists. Seuratà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s influence on post-impressionism artists traversed many decades. This is seen in the works of later artists like Charles Angrand whose work greatly resembled that of Seurat. Another great post-impressionist was Paul Cezanne. Paul Cezanne was a French artist. He was one of the main founders of post-impressionism and his works laid the foundation of the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism (Halliwell 86). His main style of painting was the use short and loaded brushstrokes, a style b orrowed from impressionism. Vincent van Gogh, on the other hand, was a Dutch post-impressionist. His work was notable for its bold color, emotional honesty and rough beauty. Vincent was one of the most influential post-impressionism artists as his work had great influence on art in the 20th century. His love for art began when he was a small child and this would influence his decision to become an artist in his later years. During his lifetime, Vincent produced over 2100 artworks. Paul Gauguin was a French post-impressionism artist. He was one of the artists whose work highly influenced the shift from impressionism to post-impressionism, though he was recognized and appreciated until he died. He was renowned for his experimental use of color and introduction of the synthetist style of art which has had a big influence on the modern art. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec was a French painter. He is best known for depicting the colorful and theatrical life in Paris in art. This led to production of provocative, elegant and exciting images of life in those days. Together with the likes van Gogh, Gauguin and Cezanne, he was among the post-impressionists that greatly influenced the shift from impressionism (Halliwell 92). Post-impressionism was characterized by many styles due to contribution of each artist. These artists could not agree on a common style of painting. However, their main aim was to shift from impressionism. Some of the styles that characterized the early impressionism art included the detailed painting of a particular landscape, which was mainly employed by Cezanne. This was in a bid to move away from the overall effect style of impressionists. Cezanne sought to depict greater pictorial structure of nature. Another style that was prevalent among post-impressionists was the use of symbolic and expressive content. Artists like Gauguin created paintings from imagination or memory (Stein et al 58). They expressed in their works a great connection with subject that inspired the works. Post-impressionists also placed emphasis on harmony in terms of surface design. The main differences between impressionism and post-impressionism are that impressionists sought to capture nature in its original and primitive state while post-impressionists sought to involve their imagination and memory in their works. Impressionists detached themselves from their works while post-impressionist sought to involve their emotions and expressions in their works. Another difference between impressionism and post-impressionism was that impressionism was mainly characterized with simple and overall depiction of nature while post-impressionism sought to depict details of the works of art and nature. They sought to show the still nature of life while impressionists wanted to show nature in motion (Nochlin 87). Post-impressionism as a form of art was mainly concerned with abstract depiction of works art through imagination while impression sought a realistic depiction of nature. The two works of art that bring out the differences between impressionism and post-impressionis m is the Birth of Venus by Adolphe-William Bouguereau and the Harvester by Jules Adolphe. The two paintings depict the kind of ideals held in the two schools of thought. For instance, in the painting the Birth of Venus, there is evidence of activity. The portray shows immediacy of the scene where the momentary activities of the people are captured. There is also evidence of movement with everyone involved in some activity. There is also the basic use of color where one color is used to paint one scene. On the contrary, the Harvester is a timeless portrait that is detailed (Stein et al 78). There is a combination of reality and imagination in the painting of the portrait. For instance, though the artist the harvester as a commoner, he gives her the beauty not common with commoners. There is also a combination of colors in the portrait.

Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc Company Overview Essay -- essays papers

Bridgestone/Firestone Company Overview Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., a subsidiary of Bridgestone Corporation, was formed in 1990 when Bridgestone U.S.A. merged with The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. In addition to manufacturing tires, Bridgestone/Firestone produces a variety of products including air springs, building materials, synthetic and natural rubber, and industrial fibers and textiles. The Nashville, Tennessee-based company has over 38 QS9000/ISO9000 Certified production facilities throughout the Americas, along with numerous international facilities throughout the world. Firestone's company philosophy is derived from a blend of Japanese and Americans methods, with a focus on providing quality products. In the words of the former leaders of Bridgestone and Firestone, Bridgestone/Firestone strives to "Serve Society with Products of Superior Quality" and to be the "Best Today ? Still Better Tomorrow." Bridgestone/Firestone is best known for it's production of tires (more than 8,000 different types and sizes), which account for more than 75 percent of its annual revenues. As a leader in world tire technology, Firestone utilizes research and development centers in three countries and testing centers around the world to help develop, manufacture and market tires for almost every kind of vehicle. (Bridgestone/Firestone Profile) Strengths Bridgestone/Firestone finds much of its strength in having "one of the richest tire makers in the world as its parent" (Chappell, 09/11/00). Bridgestone Corporation has been around since 1931 and has established itself as a well-known international manufacturer of tires, rubber products, automotive products, chemical products, sporting goods, and other products (Bridgestone Annual Report, 1999). The resources and prestige of having Bridgestone as a parent gives Firestone an extra edge in the market. One of Firestone's biggest strengths is the fact that Firestone's passenger vehicle trade is not the critical part of Bridgestone Corp's world profit picture. Roughly 60% of Bridgestone's North American profits came from the sale of heavy-duty truck tires. Firestone has a 16% share of that market, and the Bridgestone brand holds another 6.5 percent share. Another strength for Firestone is its well-established brand name. According to an Automotive News reporter, the Firestone brand is "posi... ...ndsay. Automotive News, September 11, 2000 v75 i5893 p47. "Firestone's Non-Ford Customers Show Little Concern Over Recall." Chappell, Lindsay. Automotive News, September 25, 2000 v75 i5895 p8. "More Firestones for Honda Civic" "3 suppliers may sell tires for next Explorer." Automotive News, Sept 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "The tire flap: behind the feeding frenzy." Business Week, October 16, 2000 i3703 p126. Firestone Tire Recall Legal Information Center, http://www.firestone-tire-recall.com Grimaldi, James V. and Caroline Mayer, Washington Post, "4 Former Firestone Workers Deposed," August 24, 2000, pE01. Hess, David. National Journal, September 16, 2000 v32 i38 p2896. "Firestone's Other Tire Debacle." "A Company Under Fire: Did Firestone do Enough to Protect Its Own Workers?," Newsweek, September 18, 2000 p30. "Ford, Fireston knew of tire problems for years." United Press International, September 29, 2000 p1008271u8435. "Testimony Indicates Abuse at Firestone," United Press International, August 14, 2000 p1008226u6557. Wilson, Amy. Automotive News, September 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "Labor Unions Unrest Adds to Bridgestone/Firestone's Problems" Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc Company Overview Essay -- essays papers Bridgestone/Firestone Company Overview Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc., a subsidiary of Bridgestone Corporation, was formed in 1990 when Bridgestone U.S.A. merged with The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. In addition to manufacturing tires, Bridgestone/Firestone produces a variety of products including air springs, building materials, synthetic and natural rubber, and industrial fibers and textiles. The Nashville, Tennessee-based company has over 38 QS9000/ISO9000 Certified production facilities throughout the Americas, along with numerous international facilities throughout the world. Firestone's company philosophy is derived from a blend of Japanese and Americans methods, with a focus on providing quality products. In the words of the former leaders of Bridgestone and Firestone, Bridgestone/Firestone strives to "Serve Society with Products of Superior Quality" and to be the "Best Today ? Still Better Tomorrow." Bridgestone/Firestone is best known for it's production of tires (more than 8,000 different types and sizes), which account for more than 75 percent of its annual revenues. As a leader in world tire technology, Firestone utilizes research and development centers in three countries and testing centers around the world to help develop, manufacture and market tires for almost every kind of vehicle. (Bridgestone/Firestone Profile) Strengths Bridgestone/Firestone finds much of its strength in having "one of the richest tire makers in the world as its parent" (Chappell, 09/11/00). Bridgestone Corporation has been around since 1931 and has established itself as a well-known international manufacturer of tires, rubber products, automotive products, chemical products, sporting goods, and other products (Bridgestone Annual Report, 1999). The resources and prestige of having Bridgestone as a parent gives Firestone an extra edge in the market. One of Firestone's biggest strengths is the fact that Firestone's passenger vehicle trade is not the critical part of Bridgestone Corp's world profit picture. Roughly 60% of Bridgestone's North American profits came from the sale of heavy-duty truck tires. Firestone has a 16% share of that market, and the Bridgestone brand holds another 6.5 percent share. Another strength for Firestone is its well-established brand name. According to an Automotive News reporter, the Firestone brand is "posi... ...ndsay. Automotive News, September 11, 2000 v75 i5893 p47. "Firestone's Non-Ford Customers Show Little Concern Over Recall." Chappell, Lindsay. Automotive News, September 25, 2000 v75 i5895 p8. "More Firestones for Honda Civic" "3 suppliers may sell tires for next Explorer." Automotive News, Sept 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "The tire flap: behind the feeding frenzy." Business Week, October 16, 2000 i3703 p126. Firestone Tire Recall Legal Information Center, http://www.firestone-tire-recall.com Grimaldi, James V. and Caroline Mayer, Washington Post, "4 Former Firestone Workers Deposed," August 24, 2000, pE01. Hess, David. National Journal, September 16, 2000 v32 i38 p2896. "Firestone's Other Tire Debacle." "A Company Under Fire: Did Firestone do Enough to Protect Its Own Workers?," Newsweek, September 18, 2000 p30. "Ford, Fireston knew of tire problems for years." United Press International, September 29, 2000 p1008271u8435. "Testimony Indicates Abuse at Firestone," United Press International, August 14, 2000 p1008226u6557. Wilson, Amy. Automotive News, September 4, 2000 v75 i5892 p8. "Labor Unions Unrest Adds to Bridgestone/Firestone's Problems"

The Man Who Loved Flowers

Thomas Mahoney 2-15-13 ENG 112 The Man Who Loved Flowers This story starts out in a very peaceful innocent setting, in New York City. There is a sense of love in the air, and the smell of spring. There is a man walking along the streets in a gray streets turning everyones attention because then can tell he is happy and in love. This story takes place in May of 1963 right before the summer starts. Stephen King is extremely descriptive in the story with the man's appearance; â€Å"He had that look about him.He was dressed in a light grey suit, the narrow tie pulled down a little, his top collar button undone. His hair was dark and cut short. His complexion was fair, his eyes a light blue. Not an extraordinary face, but on this soft spring evening, on this avenue, in May of 1963, he was beautiful†(King) The interesting thing about this story is how it seems so beautiful and peaceful, but draws a thin line with insanity.The first sense of something being wrong in the story is when the man goes to buy flowers, and there is a radio playing a news program talking about a hammer murder that was on the loose, but this is immediately dismissed because everything seems so perfect in the moment. As the man walks away he hesitates and touches something in his pocket, which foreshadows what could happen later in the story. â€Å"The young man passed the flower-stand and the sound of the bad news faded. He hesitated, looked over his shoulder, and thought it over.He reached into his coat pocket and touched the something in there again. For a moment his face seemed puzzled, lonely, almost haunted, and then, as his hand left the pocket, it regained its former expression of eager expectation. â€Å"(King) The imagery in this story is so beautiful and down to earth for almost the whole story, until it becomes dark and depressing at the end. King goes from writing about flowers, the beautiful spring weather, love being in the air, kids loving life and playing, to a hammer, blood everywhere, dark alleys, creepy vibes, and a presence of death.When the story turns from afternoon to night is when the man goes to visit Norma, the love of his life. This is when the story turns dark. They grow close together, and the closer they get, he realizes that the woman is not Norma, in fact, Norma had been dead for Ten years. He handed her the flowers though and she denied him and gave them back. She thanks him and begins to explains that she is not Norma, but he cuts her off mid sentence and whispers â€Å"Norma†(King)as he pulls the hammer out of his pocket. This gives an extremely creepy mood to the story abruptly. She backed away, her face a round white blur, her mouth an opening black 0 of terror, and she wasn't Norma, Norma was dead, she had been dead for ten years, and it didn't matter because she was going to scream and he swung the hammer to stop the scream, to kill the scream, and he swung the hammer the spill of flowers fell out of his hand, the sp ill spilled and broke open, spilling red, white, and yellow tea roses beside the dented trash cans where the cats made alien love in the dark, screaming in love, screaming, screaming. (King) King brings up how hard it is to love to the reader during this part of the story by being extremely descriptive and frightening. He shows how hard life is to move on once you're in love and then you lose the one love. This is one of the hardest things for people to deal with in life. The name of the character is revealed at the end of the story, King calls him â€Å"Love†. He presents the idea that love makes you do insane things that you would never do if you weren't in love, and it can take over you're personality and change your life.At this point in the story, King confuses the reader by making them realize how misleading the story was from the beginning. It gives a sense of the unknown to the reader and leaves them questioning how it went from being so positive to negative in a matt er of seconds. There are some small hints that he foreshadows in the beginning of the story but nothing too evident. â€Å"His own smile trembled a little, and he felt a moment's disquiet. Her face over the sailor blouse suddenly seemed blurred. It was getting darker now. . . could he have been mistaken?Surely not. It was Norma. â€Å"(King) It is a crazy and unexpected change of events when it goes from having the reader believe that it is a typical friendly man that is in love, and all the sudden the reader discovers he was the hammer murderer. That's what makes this a great story because it is so misleading at first. King is so creative in the way he makes you think when you are reading the story, he knows how to get inside the readers head and really make them think about the thin line between fear and love, and how easily that line is broken. None of it seemed real, none of it seemed to matter. The air was soft and sweet. Two men with beer bellies stood outside a bakery, pitc hing nickels and ribbing each other. Spring trembled on the edge of summer, and in the city, summer is the season of dreams. â€Å"(King) It would take a genius to predict that the man in the beginning of the story ended up being a killer at the end, it is hard to even believe. it makes you think that anyone you see walking on the street could be a killer like that, and you would never know.The fact that King doesn't provide the main character with a name further proves the point that and unsuspecting person could be a cold hearted killer. This is another reason King is such a great writer, he is so clever with the way he tells his stories and all of the minor details he provides. He creates a character that seems to be a typical everyday male that is in love with a girl, but underneath that he is a murderer. This brings me back the my thesis of how thin the line between love and insanity is.I love the way the mood suddenly switches and smoothly King makes the transition into a dar k frightening story. â€Å"His name was love, and he walked these dark streets because Norma was waiting for him. And he would find her. Some day soon. He began to smile. A bounce came into his step as he walked on down Seventy-third Street. A middle-aged married couple sitting on the steps of their building watched him go by, head cocked, eyes afar away, a half-smile on his lips. when he had passed by the woman said, ‘How come you never look that way any more?Huh? , ‘Nothing,' she said, but she watched the young man in the grey suit disappear into the gloom of the encroaching night and thought that if there was anything more beautiful than springtime, it was young love. â€Å"(King) This is a great way to end the story because it presents the reader with a sense of hope, and brings back the sense of beauty that started the story. King is a writer unlike any other, he makes the reader think in ways that make them question there own life.

What Is a Histogram and How Is One Used

A histogram is a type of graph that has wide applications in statistics. Histograms provide a visual interpretation of numerical data by indicating the number of data points that lie within a range of values.  These ranges of values are called classes or bins. The frequency of the data that falls in each class is depicted by the use of a bar.  The higher that the bar is, the greater the frequency of data values in that bin. Histograms vs. Bar Graphs At first glance, histograms look very similar to bar graphs. Both graphs employ vertical bars to represent data. The height of a bar corresponds to the relative frequency of the amount of data in the class. The higher the bar, the higher the frequency of the data. The lower the bar, the lower the frequency of data. But looks can be deceiving. It is here that the similarities end between the two kinds of graphs. The reason that these kinds of graphs are different has to do with the level of measurement of the data. On one hand, bar graphs are used for data at the nominal level of measurement. Bar graphs measure the frequency of categorical data, and the classes for a bar graph are these categories. On the other hand, histograms are used for data that is at least at the ordinal level of measurement. The classes for a histogram are ranges of values. Another key difference between bar graphs and histograms has to do with the ordering of the bars. In a bar graph, it is common practice to rearrange the bars in order of decreasing height. However, the bars in a histogram cannot be rearranged. They must be displayed in the order that the classes occur. Example of a Histogram The diagram above shows us a histogram. Suppose that four coins are flipped and the results are recorded. The use of the appropriate binomial distribution table or straightforward calculations with the binomial formula shows the probability that no heads are showing is 1/16, the probability that one head is showing is 4/16. The probability of two heads is 6/16. The probability of three heads is 4/16. The probability of four heads is 1/16. We construct a total of five classes, each of width one. These classes correspond to the number of heads possible: zero, one, two, three or four. Above each class, we draw a vertical bar or rectangle. The heights of these bars correspond to the probabilities mentioned for our probability experiment of flipping four coins and counting the heads. Histograms and Probabilities The above example not only demonstrates the construction of a histogram, but it also shows that discrete probability distributions can be represented with a histogram. Indeed, and discrete probability distribution can be represented by a histogram. To construct a histogram that represents a probability distribution, we begin by selecting the classes. These should be the outcomes of a probability experiment. The width of each of these classes should be one unit. The heights of the bars of the histogram are the probabilities for each of the outcomes. With a histogram constructed in such a way, the areas of the bars are also probabilities. Since this sort of histogram gives us probabilities, it is subject to a couple of conditions. One stipulation is that only nonnegative numbers can be used for the scale that gives us the height of a given bar of the histogram. A second condition is that since the probability is equal to the area, all of the areas of the bars must add up to a total of one, equivalent to 100%. Histograms and Other Applications The bars in a histogram do not need to be probabilities. Histograms are helpful in areas other than probability. Anytime that we wish to compare the frequency of occurrence of quantitative data a histogram can be used to depict our data set.