Development of a Web-Based Student Information System for Secondary Schools in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Development of a Web-Based Student Information System for standby Schools in Nigeria EssaySchool Management System In most Nigeria secondary schools, the storage, access and management of information is very poor. Information regarding students, their respective classes, and subjects taught in these classes, performance opinion records, grade entry and other forms of data manipulation are generally carried out manually using pen and booklets, in high-minded cases Microsoft Excel. Access to information can be cumbersome, irritating and frustrating due to poor storage and inaccessibility.Parents, officials and staff of these schools find it very difficult to get accepted information that could enhance their decision-making and completion of an assigned task. I was asked by my instructor to analyze, design, develop and implement a practical solution that will alleviate these problems in a typical secondary school. The purpose of this report is to 1) Provide elaborates on the f unctional essentials and design specification of a typical solution. 2) Demonstrate that the requirement that will be stated in (1) above have been satisfied by implementing the solution. ) Provide details of the development process and critically appraise the solution. The clinical of this project is to design, develop and implement a computerized system that will enhance access, storage, processing and management of information regarding E-Student Management System student, their studies, teachers and subjects including student performance assessment records. I have designed, developed and implemented a web-based system using technologies in Microsoft .Net framework 4. 0 and Microsoft SQL Server 2008 software. A brief detail description of theories and techniques of the design and development of this solution is appraised in this report. Furthermore, an attached appendix explains the models, workflow and the architecture of the application. Users will be able to have access from both computer that has a browser and is connected to the internet. With a graphical user interface, this system is simple, user friendly and intuitive to use.It is not uncommon to find that umteen learning institutions in Nigeria, including secondary schools, still keep records in files and tucked them away in filling cabinets where they accumulate dust. Many of these files are often eaten up by rodents and cockroaches thus rendering them irretrievable. A great deal of routine administrative work in schools is still done manually with the state and the federal government, including the administrators of this institutions showing little or no interest in embracing ICT. The administrative drudgery in secondary school institutions an be better managed through ICT. Secondary education administrative functions include a wide variety of activities such as educational governance, supervision, support services, infrastructure, 5 E-School Management System finance, budgeting, accounting , strength selection and training system monitoring and evaluation, facilities procurement and management, equipment maintenance, and so on (Thomas, 1987). In most Nigerian schools, officials and staff still go through the strong exercise of manually registering students, maintaining records of students? erformance, keeping inventory list of supplies, doing cost accounting, paying bills and printing reports. The huge man-hour spent on these exercises can be drastically trim with IT technologies to enhance overall management procedure. Thomas (1987), said that Computers bring great speed and accuracy to each of these tasks, along with the convenience of storing large quantities of information on small disks or tapes? (P. 5). For the purpose of this project, problems related to the management of information regarding student and their academic work, including teachers and subjects is the matter of concern.

Ebay Case Meg Whitman Essay Example for Free

Ebay Case Meg Whitman EssayIn 1995, Pierre Omidyar founded eBay, an on-line federation whose purpose was to facilitate an environment where people could non only exchange goods, but also have discussions, make connections, and form relationships. He carefully crafted a finishing based upon, trust, respect, autonomy, empowerment, and equality, and desire for the eBay society and company to be reflective of those principles. eBay was successful because Omidyar realized that a respectful, symbiotic relationship with this on-line association was critical, because eBay wouldnt exist if it werent for the community. In 1998, Meg Whitman was brought in as CEO to strengthen the eBay brand and to develop a stronger marketing strategy. In this, she was remarkably successful. In little over a year, eBay registrants grew from 88,000 to 3. 8 one million million million users. The company successfully went public, revenue just about doubled every quarter, and acquisitions and partnershi ps were made to increase the guest base. However, the rapid growth under Whitman caused a major(ip) problem for eBay it put a strain on the culture and the community upon which eBay was successfully founded. With growth came the need for to a greater extent rules and policies.For instance, Whitman made the decision to ban the sale of firearms to keep the company free of legal liabilities. Many in the community and company were shocked and outraged by this policy because it violated the eBay values of stretch communication and trust. Also, the acquisition of Butterfield and Butterfield, a prestigious, high-end auction house, was taken as a slap in the face. It violated the eBay value of respect, and the community saw this purchase indicatory of the companys priorities being focused on higher profit margins, not building and maintaining relationships with its existing community.There are clear reasons why the eBay community felt its culture was being left foundation in the wake of rapid growth. First, the strategic design of eBay dramatically changed under Whitmans management. eBay was previously reinforced upon a small, flat and flexible team of engineers who worked together without numerous nominal chains of authority. This open work environment perfectly mirrored the community Omidyar sought to create online, and the internal company practiced its values of respect and trust on a daily basis.However, Whitman correctly recognized that as the company grew, more formal structures and positions would have to be put into place to bear the burden of greater demand. With knowing consultation, she reorganized the engineers. She eventually added eleven different vice presidents in upper management. In little epoch, the company transformed from an informal, flat model to a formal functional structure. This enabled growth, but it also created tall hierarchies that diminished the culture of open communication.For instance, lower-level employees and the eBay com munity both back-lashed at the decision of banning firearms for largely the same reason they had no idea such a policy was forthcoming. swiftness management made this decision without outside consultation. Even though it was the right decision for the company, it was handled and presented in a way that violated the culture eBay was built upon. In 1999, Whitman formally created a Community Watch group to monitor the web put for fraud. Initially, eBay counted on its users to abide by its user agreement and take much of the responsibility for safeguarding the site themselves. But, the community had grown too large to be self-monitored. Again, the decision was appropriate, but so many structural changes implemented in so little time was too much for the community to absorb without reaction. Moreover, the political nature of eBay changed rapidly. Pierre Omidyar, eBays founder and developer, had the rare gift of laming with both referent and expert power. He used this power to create a strong sense of community throughout eBay. He also used his referent power to take a shit Whitman legitimacy in both her position as CEO and in her consequential actions.His support was effective at getting the company to align behind her decisions, but the external community did not see this support and were more suspicious of the companys new direction. Whitmans decisions were all sound and applauded by Wall Street. But the community saw what was in one case a democratic forum turning into a big business. Her lack of consultation with the community lead one user to brand eBay as having a cavalier attitude, and a political agenda. Lower level employees also saw this lack of communication. Where there were once full company meetings weekly, now they were held, at most, once a quarter.Power was concentrating. Clearly, this power shift was positively causing growth but negatively change culture. In her defense, Whitman was not indifferent to the culture at eBay. She stressed hiring people who understood and wanted to expand the eBay culture. But at the same time she outsourced customer service to a location in Utah, far from where the gatekeepers of the eBay culture were to be found. Therefore, those directly working with the community may have been the least in pains with its values. Also, she applauded and maintained the no penalty culture where everyone could voice their opinions and feel free to change their minds.However, with the growth of the company, there were fewer opportunities for a voice to be heard, less(prenominal) direct contacts with upper management, and fewer voices involved in major decisions. This led to decisions being made that were sound individually but not corporately when placed in the eBay culture. It also proved difficult to spread this culture to the plethora of newly added users. And it is critical because it built the community, which built the company, and if it is removed, those elements that made eBay a unique success lead be gone. Therefore, eBay needs to find a way to maintain its culture.One way to correct this problem would be to implement more cross-functional teams internally. These teams would recreate the sign eBay structure of being team-based, autonomous, and flat. They would allow different departments to address problems and offer valuable input into pending company policies. This lateral flow would lead to decisions that would keep more in line with the original eBay culture, thus satisfying the community at large. The downside to these teams is that it gives Whitman and others less authority to use in making decisions for the company.Another alternative would be to create a formal system of distributing information and gathering feedback from the eBay community. This would create an opportunity to communicate values as well as pending or upcoming policy changes. This system of polling through email would empower the community to have a cogent voice once over again and would reestablis h the hint of one-to-one communication. The downside is that if the company decided to go in a direction different than that of the community, those polled and involved could lose faith and optimism in exercising their voice.Finally, Whitman could create a separate company under the eBay name where she could make mergers and acquisitions without alienating the base users and without directly affecting the company. This would servicing maintain the existing eBay culture, but it would do slide fastener to repair any damage done. Moreover, having a different arm will not expand their user community of eBay, which is eBays vision. Whitman should create a formal system of distributing information and gathering feedback from the eBay community. This mechanism would be two-fold in design. First, eBay would create a oalition of the top sellers, those truly engrossed in the eBay community and whose interests are adjust with both company and community. Upper management would formally inte grate the opinions and responses of this group (on issues ranging from policy to community values) into its decision-making processes. Also, the use of widely sampled polls of eBay users on the same issues would help the company get a feel for how the broader community at large feels about important issues. This would be positive for the community because it would give them a let voice in the company again, just as it had at eBays inception.It is important to remember that eBay is unique in that the community it serves is the company itself. Soliciting, responding to, and implementing the voice of this community improve eBay even with its now more functional structure, it will only help the company know the needs and opinions of its community, which will strengthen business. The downside to this move is that by and by hearing out the top sellers and looking at the data of a poll on a particular issue, Whitman and upper management may subdued feel that an unpopular direction needs to be taken.Some users may feel patronized and refuse to participate in future polls. Even so, many in the community will be appreciative to at least be involved in the process and to be forewarned of pending changes. Once again there will be a dialogue with the community that will attribute value, trust, and respect to its opinions, even in disagreement. In this manner, eBay can grow and dummy up stay small.

Analysis of Treatment Options for Depression

Analysis of Treatment Options for embossmentCognitive TherapyDonna ThompsonAn accruing backslide of opinion is hard to overcome nevertheless preventing these relapses is the key. The length of embossment constitutes a major(ip) problem in the manipulation of depression. The aim of any word is to lessen relapses and the recurrence of depression in patients. every(prenominal) patterns argon different and the level in mental codes that argon used in the treatment of depression Antidepressant medications (ADMS) are a common form of treatment for major depression. However, not in all individuals want to take medications since the side effects could be lethal or unwanted.There seduce been other studies for treatment much(prenominal) as BA (behavioural Activation) treatment. belief can lead to suicide and the feeling of hopelessness that lays dormant in people who attempt suicide. Cognitive therapy has a few sessions that target suicide tendencies collectable to Cognitive thera py targets the key reasons. Clinical practice concentrates on convocation therapy and the format is recommended to help people with depression. Group modes can be seen as evidences as implementing an intervention. literary works ReviewBrown, G. K. (2005) discovered that treatments that prevent the repeat of suicide attempts is limited. The question is based on randomized footraces that concentrates on treatment differences between medications and therapy.DeRubeis et al (2005) anchor that experience therapist could be as effective as medications. The research was done at top universities and clinics such as University of Pennsylvania, Vanderbilt University and more. The research used a controlled placebo trial target at the similarities of cognitive therapy.Dimidjian et al (2006) researched AMD (antidepressant medication) against cognitive therapy. There is very little convey and cognitive therapy has not been proven to help. The research was based on the testing of cognitive therapy against the AMD. The research founded that with experience cognitive therapy helped more than the medication.Scope et al (2013) research is based on cognitive therapy evidence in fortune PND (postnatal depression) victims. This study compared one on one therapy against group therapy and suggested an intervention in the current standards. The research reviewed the evidence scientifically.Teasdale et al (1995) research was based on the theory that relapses of depression can be reduced by cognitive therapy during the main treatment. An information analysis was used to weigh the effectiveness of the primary therapy. The research cogitate that similar effects of cognitive therapy can be used in other mental disorders using meditation techniques.The Interaction to Cognitive Therapy (ICS) StudyAn accruing relapse of depression is hard to overcome nevertheless preventing these relapses is the key. The length of depression constitutes a major problem in the treatment of depression . However, many evidences suggest that psychological treatments have been withdrawn to the many treatment trials that have been found in cognitive therapy such as drugs or different types of therapy that defends against depression. The preventive interventions such as the drugs make through effects in changing the patterns of the cognitive processing that becomes active in mild negative side effects (Teasdale, Segal, Williams, 1995, p.25).The aim of any treatment is to lessen relapses and the recurrence of depression in patients. Therefore, the interaction to cognitive subsystems (ICS). ICS works through information that whitethorn be developed for cognitive therapy.The different aspects and experiences are represented in patterns that are qualitatively different to ICS. Different inflections and patterns seem different. Many analogies, recurring patterns are common to visual inputs from similar objects and what objects are different. All patterns are different and the level in me ntal codes that are used in the treatment of depression. A research done by Teasdale, et al (1995) found that the level of study denotes a concerned meaning that can be demonstrated by the similarities between a poem and a sentence (p.26). reading processing involves the transformation of patterns in one information code into patterns. Depression pictures that delirious reactions occur when emotion relates to schematic models that are produced from patterns of lower level meanings and patterns that show production of depression and emotional responses. The main effect is to help control the relapse of depression. In addition, The insight to sounds and physical sensations depends on implicated schematic models, creating propositional outputs (specific meanings) that are extreme to derive information from current sensory input (Teasdale, Segal, Williams, 1995, p.36).Antidepressant Treatment StudyAntidepressant medications (ADMS) are a common form of treatment for major depression. However, not all individuals want to take medications since the side effects could be lethal or unwanted. However, there have been other studies for treatment such as BA (Behavioral Activation) treatment. Dimidjian et al., (2006), conducted a study that had 258 people involved and came to a census of depression stresses the affiliation between action and attitude conditions that play a role of relative changes that are linked with reduced access to support antidepressant conditions (p.660).The study indicated that BA was comparable to ADM. In the future the standard targeting evasion behaviors will be in accordance with an earlier behavioral theory that may be an important to innovation on depression. Addressing treatments for depression has not accent targeting avoidances, with the exception of the use of opposite action for sadness within dialectical behavior therapy and early investigations of acceptance and commitment therapy with depressed patients.Cognitive Therapy vs Medic ationsAntidepressant medications may treat depression. DeRubeis et al (2005) research was conducted across five universities that included 240 outpatients. He used The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), in which is a several head survey used to warn of depression, and it is used as a controller to evaluate the recovery of depression. This provided endless scores that permitted for descriptions of remission.DeRubeis et al (2005) concluded that knowledge levels of the cognitive therapists seem to have subsidized the communication. Hence, cognitive therapy can be as effective as the drugs for the primary treatment of severe depression. Nonetheless, this degree of success may depend on a higher level of therapist that has experience or expertise in treating depression (p.409). felo-de-se Cognitive Therapy StudyDepression can lead to suicide and the feeling of hopelessness lays dormant in people who attempt suicide. Cognitive therapy has a few sessions that target suicide tend encies collectable to most of Cognitive therapy tries to target the key reasons such as depression or the feeling of hopelessness. Brown did a study in 2005 and the objective of the study is to test a 10-session therapy. Throughout this study many relapsed, some were watching closer than others and some had many sessions.The severity of depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory was significantly lower for the cognitive therapy group than for the usual care group (Brown, 2005, p. 565). The participants was broken into two groups a cognitive therapy group and a care group. The study proved that overall the cognitive therapy group had less depression and hopelessness than the care group in lesser time.Brown (2005) research concluded that the cognitive therapy group also had significantly less hopeless than the usual care group. The severity of self-reported depression was significantly lower for the cognitive therapy group than for the usual care group (p. 569).Psycholog ical Therapies StudyClinical practice concentrates on group therapy and the format is recommended to help people with depression. Group methods can be seen as evidences as implementing an intervention. Many selected studies were quality assessed, using Cochrane risk of bias tools that were data extracted by two reviews using a standardized data (Scope et al., 2013, p.3). The method was a synthesized effect that was an inverse and variance method. The results of Meta analyses showed groups to (CBT).The current national institute for health and clinical excellence (NICE) showed that clinical guidelines was intended for postnatal mental health. The epitome that is recommended is to identify and treat women with psychological interventions such as undivided cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapy (IPT) for women with (PND). In any future studies that may be beneficial is a psychological intervention because it is useful for treatments that may meet the requirements of evi dence based practice to (EBP) if it is applied.ConclusionThe length of depression constitutes a major problem in the treatment of depression. However, many evidences suggest that psychological treatments have been withdrawn to the many treatment trials that have been found in cognitive therapy such as drugs or different types of therapy that defends against depression. Depression shows that emotional reactions occur when emotion relates to schematic models that are produced from patterns of lower level meanings and patterns that show production of depression and emotional responses.The main effect is to help control the relapse of depression. DeRubeis (2005) concluded that knowledge levels of the cognitive therapists seem to have subsidized the communication. Hence, cognitive therapy can be as effective as the drugs for the primary treatment of severe depression or other mental problems. Nonetheless, this degree of success may depend on a higher level of therapist that has experienc e or expertise in treating depression (p.409).An accruing relapse of depression is hard to overcome nevertheless preventing these relapses is the key. The length of depression constitutes a major problem in the treatment of depression. The aim of any treatment is to lessen relapses and the recurrence of depression in patients.ReferencesBrown,G.K. (2005). Cognitive Therapy for the Prevention of Suicide Attempts A Randomized Controlled Trial.Jama-journal of The American Medical Association,294(5), 563-570. doi10.1001/jama.294.5.563 Retrieved from http//www.behavioralhealth-ctx.org/resources/Suicide_Prevention.pdfDeRubeis,R.J., Hollon,S.D., Amsterdam,J.D., Shelton,R.C., Young,P.R., Salomon,R.M., . . . Gallop,R. (2005). Cognitive Therapy vs Medications in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Depression.Archives of General Psychiatry,62(4), 409-416. doi10.1001/archpsyc.62.4.409 Retrieved from http//archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=208460Dimidjian,S., Hollon,S.D., Dobson,K.S ., Schmaling,K.B., Kohlenberg,R.J., Addis,M.E., . . . Jacobson,N.S. (2006). Randomized Trial of Behavioral Activation, Cognitive Therapy, and Antidepressant Medication in the Acute Treatment of Adults With Major Depression.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,74(4), 658-670. doi10.1037/0022-006X.74.4.658 Retrieved from http//ww.abnormalwootwoot.com/Cool_Abnormal_Reads_Videos_ETC._files/Dimidjia n%202006-Randomized%20Trial%20of%20Behavioral%20Activation_1.pdfScope,A., Leaviss,J., Kaltenhaler,E., Parry,G., Sutcliffe,P., Bradburn,M., Cantell,A. (2013). Is group cognitive behavior therapy for postnatal depression evidence based practice? A systematic review.BMC Psychiatry,13(1), 1-19. doi10.1186/1471-244x-13-321 Retrieved from https//eds-b-ebscohost- com.libroxy.chapman.edu/ehost/detail/detail?vid=8sid=143e2edd-dfaa-4ad4-88aa- 90d630d4673d%40sessionmgr110hid=113bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHVpZCxjb 29raWUsdXJsJnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=aphAN=92802416Teasdale,J.D., Segal,Z., Wil liams,J.M. (1995). How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness) training help?Behaviour Research and Therapy,33(1), 25-39. doi10.1016/0005-7967(94)E0011-7 Retrieved from http//oxfordmindfulness.org/wp-content/uploads/Teasdale-Segal-and- Williams-1995.pdf

Stereotyping in Nursing Care | Reflection

Stereotyping in nursing Care consideratenessPLACEMENT REFLECTIONIntroductionReflection has been specify within wellness wield as the active process of reviewing, analysing and evaluating experiences, drawing upon theoretical concepts or previous acquirement, in guild to inform future actions (Reid, 1993). A ruminative practitioner often reflects on experience and is capable of reflecting-in-action, continu bothy learning from experience to the benefit of future actions (Schon, 1983). This essay is a reflective account found on the recurrence of an incident that took place during my placements in a forensic and an sharp-worded ward as part of my mental health nursing training. This denunciation is based on Gibbs (1988) definition of reflection which is shown in his reflective cycle in the diagram below. The model will be used to describe the incident, my feelings sideline the incident and an evaluation of my experience. An analysis of what sense can be made of the situation and thoughts of what else could have been done under the circumstances. The final stage is an action aim for what has to be done if the incident eventuates in future during practice (NHS, 2006). In accordance with the NMC code of conduct (2008) on confidentiality, the names used for the patients are pseudonyms.Reflection in nursing is important as it generates practice knowledge, enhances the ability to adapt to new situations, develops self-esteem, departs to satis pointion and improves professional practice (Baird and Winter, 2005, p.156). Similarly, Siviter (2004, p.165) explain that reflection is about gaining self-confidence, identifying when to improve, learning from own mistakes and behaviour, looking at other peoples perspectives, organism self-aware and improving the future by learning from the past.Description of the incidentDuring my root week of placement at a forensic ward, I was cautioned to be careful of roughly patients whom the nurses had labelled as difficult. This was a perception I carried with me till the end of my placement, unfortunately. At one instance I was with a nurse in the office when Yosef, one of the so-called difficult patients came to request for the patients headphone to make a call. The nurse appeared to be very busy and ignored the patient. As the patient kept knocking at the window, I asked the nurse if I could facilitate the request, but I was told the patient had to wait because he has a habit of always making requests. Yosef walked away after waiting for a hardly a(prenominal) more minutes without help. He was fuming and very upset. I looked at the nurse in despair as I really could not understand what he had to wait for in the first place since in my view, the request could have easily been facilitated. I felt a sense of guilt because at that chip I felt we had let down a service user as facilitators of service. I carried this guilt with me to my second placement which was a female acute admissions ward. I foun d that here too, the labelling of some patients as difficult existed. Bridget, a 59 year old patient who presented as isolative, interacting minimally with peers and provide was besides labelled as such. During a plan of the day meeting which all patients and stave are expected to attend, Bridget was surprisingly very forthright. She spoke about staff negative attitudes towards patients during the any other business session. After lunch that day, I decided to have a conversation with her. I started by introducing myself and congratulated her for being outspoken at the meeting, empathising with her on some of the concerns she raised at the meeting. This was meant to make the prospect of engaging her more appealing to her. The conversation took off slowly, but I had to adopt emphatic listening which according to Wold (2004, p.73) is about the willingness to understand the other person and not just judging the persons facts.During the conversation, I hold eye contact in order to exp ress a sense of interest in what she was saying (Caris-Verhallen et al, 1999).To my surprise, Bridget was participative, and very pleasant doneout the conversation, dispelling the earlier burden I had been given about her. At the meeting that morning, she had mentioned nurses insensitivity which I wanted her to elaborate on. In her response, she saidNurses must know that mental indisposition is invisible unlike physical illness. The therapy is not all about medication, but it is also about relationships that show warmth towards us as patients. But some nurses feel so important and insensitive their attitude sometimes makes me feel slighted and frustrated. This can easily lead me on to kick off and explode when I shouldnt.She was very thankful and said she felt lifted after the conversation.My feelingsI had mixed feelings after this conversation a feeling of dismay and regret. The disappointment was associated with the fact that there appeared to be a thread of a culture of negle ct instead of support at the two wards towards patients. My regret was borne out of the fact that I had allowed some nurses to colour my perceptions of some of the patients. It was clear after this conversation that some nurses have failed to understand and respond to the needs of some patients because they failed to form cloggy therapeutic alliances with patients which is an essential component of all therapeutic interventions through sound communication Stevenson (2008, p.109).It is important in a mental health setting that nurses crusade a therapeutic rapport with patients that is underpinned by a sense of trust, respect and mutual understanding. According to Harkreader and Hogan (2004, p. 245) these are ingredients that would raise the patients self-esteem and ain growth. Even more important, according to Arnold and Boggs (2007, p.200) is the need for effective therapeutic communication which can improve the patients ability to function. In order to turn up therapeutic nurse -patient interaction, a nurse must demonstrate caring, empathy and trustworthiness (Kathol, 2003, p.33). These involve the implementation of interpersonal skills which Johnson (2008) defines as the total ability to communicate effectively with patients and all those involved in their care. Communication is the exchange of information, and effective communication must involve both verbal and non-verbal communication through the use of gestures, postures, facial expressions, measure and level of volume. I had a feeling that this intervention was a good starting point to develop my communication and interpersonal skills in future.EvaluationI realised that through communication, I got to know how some patients feel about nurses and the kind of interaction that they expect would contribute to their therapy. At least, my intervention had helped to alleviate her extend to some extent, calmed her frustration and anger through the use of effective communication skills which underpins the p romotion of therapeutic relationships necessary to handle aggression more effectively (Duxbury 2002). psychoanalysisCaring which consists among other things of the provision of comfort, concern and support, the development of trust and the alleviation of stress (Leninger, 1994) is a primary duty of nurses. But arguably, caring can lone(prenominal) be demonstrated when people interact with each other and get to understand their needs. My interaction with Bridget was part of my duty to provide nursing care, and this was achieved by adjust her at the centre of the conversation by way of making herfeel listened tofeel that her concerns are being validated and not trivialisedfeel emotionally supportfeel understood.A conducive atmosphere for effective communication was created which enabled her to express her feelings. The Department of Health (DH) (2004) and the National Health Service (NHS) Modernisation Agency (2003) lay emphasis on the importance of patient-focused communication be tween health professionals and patients. This is seen as vital to achieving patient satisfaction, inclusive decision making in caregiving and an efficient health service. Nursing literature also promotes these concepts as indicative of best practice. For example, McCabe and Timmins (2006) and Charlton et al. (2008) found that, by using a person-centred approach in the interaction between nurses and patients, care outcomes were improved inpatient satisfactionadherence to treatment optionspatient health.Effective communication is also essential to practice and improving interpersonal relationships in the workplace between professional groups and peers (Grover, 2005)ConclusionThe nurse is seen as the therapeutic agent in the nurse-patient relationship. This involves the application of effective communication and interpersonal skills which can lead to a sense of safety and protection, improved levels of patient satisfaction and greater adherence to treatment options and increased recove ry rates. Furthermore, a successful communication through a patient-centred approach also serves to reassure relatives that their loved ones are receiving the necessary treatment.Action PlanMy action plan for future clinical practice is to evacuate stereotyping of some patients, but to try to understand them as individuals and treat them with the care that ensures recovery. This can only be done by forming therapeutic alliances with them through effective communication and interpersonal skills.REFERENCESArnold, E. C. and Boggs, K. (2007) Interpersonal Relationship Professional Communication Skills for Nurses, Copyright 2006, Elsevier, London.Baird, M. and Winter, J. (2005) Reflection, practice and clinical education in Philadelphia ElsevierChurchill Livingstone.Caris-Verhallen, W. M. C. M., Kerkstra, A. and Bensing, J. M. (1999) Non-verbalbehaviour in nurse-elderly patient communication. Journal of advanced Nursing, 29 (4), 808-818.Charlton, CR, Dearing, KS, Berry, JA and Johnson , MJ (2008) Nurse practitionerscommunication styles and their impact on patient outcomes an integrated literature review. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 20 3828.Duxbury J.A. (2002) An evaluation of staff and patients views of and strategies employed to manage patient aggression and violence on one mental health unit. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 9, 325337.Gibbs, G (1988) Learning by doing a guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford Further EducationGrover, S. M. (2005). Shaping Effective Communication Skills and Therapeutic Relationships at Work, The foundation of Collaboration. AAOHN Journal, 53(4), 177-182.Harkreader, H. and Hogan, M. A. (2004) positive of Nursing Caring andClinical Judgment.Johnson, D. (2008) Interpersonal skills onlinehttp//www.mtsu.edu/jsanborn/iskills/interpersonal.htmAccessed on 21 March 2014Kathol, D. D. (2003) Communication in Kockrow, E. O. and Christen, B. L. (eds) Foundation of Nursing, Missouri Mosby.Le ninger, M. (1994). Evaluation criteria and critique of qualitative evaluation studies. (Ed.), hypercritical issues in qualitative research methods (pp. 95-115). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage.McCabe C, Timmins F. (2006) Communication Skills for Nursing Practice, Palgrave MacMillanNHS Modernisation Agency (2003) Available at http//www.institute.nhs.uk/index.php?option=com_joomcartmain_page=document_product_infoproducts_id=230cPath=67 Accessed on April 2014Nursing and Midwifery Council. (NMC). (2008). The Code Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives. London NMCReid, B. (1993) But were already doing it Exploring a response to the concept of reflective practice in order to improve its facilitation. Nurse Education Today. 13 pp. 305-309.Schon, D.A. (1983) The reflective practitioner. New York Basic Books.Siviter, B. (2004) The Student Nurse Handbook. USA Baillere Tindall.Stevenson (2008, p.109). Unit, Oxford Polytechnic.Wold, G. H. (2004, p.73) Basic Geriatric Nurs ing tertiary ed. USA Mosbyhttps//www.gov.uk/government/publications/amending-the-national-health-service-act-2006

Innocent until Proven Guilty Police Body Cameras

Innocent until Proven Guilty Police Body CamerasAll patrol officers should wear body cameras because it helps to protect the public, it helps with the patrol officers safety, the back and forth acc use of racial profiling, and withal the neighborhood safety.Body cameras can serve as a reliable eyewitness. Without the body cameras, it would be the victims word against the police officers. According to The Daily Beast, These are the Victims of the Dallas Police Massacre Brent Thompson was an officer who died during the Dallas Police Massacre. Before association the Department in 2009, Thompson trained police in Iraq and Afghanistan while working for a private military contractor. it also states how great of a police officer Thompson was andIn May, Thompson shared a meme that she read, when I die my friends better do this at my funeral written on top of a scene from the show Eastbound rarify if worn cameras during the deadliest day for U.S law enforcement since 9/11 maybe the w orld would know who killed the wonderful officer Thompson.The use of body cameras can protect police officers from being falsely accused of unnecessary actions or brutality against suspected criminals. According to Considering Police body cameras, Marcus Jeter was arrested by New Jersey Police officers during the summertime of 2012 and subsequently, charged with eluding the police, resisting arrest, and aggravated assault on a police officer. Parts of this encounter, were caught on tape by the dashboard camera in the officers cruiser. Jeter maintains from the offset that the officers has used excessive force while arresting him and that he had not acted violently. The Bloomfield Police Department conducted an internal investigation and found the officers did nothing wrong. Jeters arrest, his attorney uncover evidence that a second police cruiser had been on the scene that night. This shows how police officers are also getting the protection they deserve while using body cameras, w ithout this evidence from the video cameras it would of been the officers word against Jeters. Police officers are more desirely to be protected from criminals trying to storm them because evidence is available to concern them.The number of wipeouts from last year has been outrageous. Many people are concerned about not only the safety of citizens but also the use of guns. few people feel as if the deaths of most citizens has been because of the use of racial profiling. Veronica Majerol from New York Times Upfront states in the case of Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager. around witnesses confirmed Officer Darren Wilsons account that hed shot Michael Brown in self-defense. Others said Brown didnt pose a threat and that the shooting amounted to murder. A jury heady not to charge Wilson with a crime, but what really happened that night? If the encounter had been captured on video, some would have argued wed know After Wilsons innocence and the death of Brown thousands of p eople looked at this case as the use of racial profiling killing innocent people because of the color of their skin. As stated higher up people would know more about the case of Browns and hes death if use of body cameras were worn during this incident.Furthermore, body cameras is also a great way to pee safer communities. David French response to Trayvon Martin case An armed neighborhood-watch volunteer, George Zimmerman, shot and killed an unarmed teen, Trayvon Martin. Zimmerman claimed Martin had attacked him without any justifiable provocation. With that being said if Zimmerman was wearing a body cameras during his claim attack by the teenage boy February 26, 2016 this would of shown rather or not Martin did actually attack him.So many thing is going in the world directly rather its public safety, the officers safety, the racial profiling, or even neighborhood safety. Cops will be more protected if wearing a video camera, just like the police ovth says you are innocent until proven guilty and the video cameras shows just that, and also more of a suspect and a victim.References13-Year-Old With a BB Gun Is tornado and Killed by Police in Columbus, Ohio. Daily Intelligencer, 15 Sept. 2016. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPSsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA463581242it=rasid=cda072b43290f61613c17c1b2ebfa48b. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.Body of evidence grows, but questions remain about police body cameras. American City County, 28 Sept. 2016. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPSsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA465071065it=rasid=950657093dd447a10f9907a85c057467. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.Considering police body cameras. Harvard Law Review, Apr. 2015, p. 1794+. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPSsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA412800618it=rasid=5a50cce41c3ebfd18f649a9ba6938064. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.Majerol, Veronica. Should police wear body cameras? While video can tell us a lot about encounters between the police and the public, body cams also raise concerns about privacy. New York Times Upfront, 7 Sept. 2015, p. 6+. General OneFile, go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=GPSsw=wu=j020902v=2.1id=GALE%7CA436695119it=rasid=524ebcba9260ccc1380ec5d4a7ecd396. Accessed 9 Feb. 2017.

DBQ On Jacksonian Democrats Essay -- Advanced Placement US History

It is agreeable that the Jacksonian Democrats perceived themselves as strict guardians of the United States Constitution. It is not agreeable with how they went about preserving the political democracy, individual liberty, and equality of scotch opportunity they stood for. While trying to create this balance, Jackson used tactics favorable only to his opinion. Jacksons main idea was to rid of aristocracy, big the power to the poorer classes, standing against rich white men. The flaw in their scheme was that the people who came up with this idea were all rich white men.One of the Jacksonian Democrats attempts to reduce the influence of the rich was by vetoing the charter to the Bank of the United States. Jackson stated his reasons in Document B mainly as a precaution of...

Innocent :: Booker T. Washington Slavery Essays

Innocent In the case of Booker T. chapiter once enkindle plainly dismiss the topic of charging him with complacency or sycophancy. Such charges are absolutely absurd and can be easily disproved. In a time period where the black die hard was truly looked down upon, disrespected and mistreated, Booker T. chapiter sought to do things to bring his people out of the muck they were placed in. Complacency is the act of self-satisfaction go with by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies. As reconciled by a member of Prosecution, For this trial, complacency is being defined as a state of conscious denial about hazards or oppressions (Blandford 1). How could one believe that this is what Mr. Washington stood for? As brought up by members of the prosecution, Booker T. Washingtons complacency can be seen in the area of education. As stated by Prosecutor Wilson, Washington discusses his disgust with his students preoccupation with the study of foreign lang uage, grammar an arithmetic. Such a statement is not true. Booker T. Washington was quite in favor of the intellectual learning of black. After all, why would such an activist for the betterment of blacks be against their intellectual betterment? At no point in time does Mr. Washington show disgust as portrayed by the prosecution in the area of education. In fact, Washington was in favor for the intellectual incline of his black people. I was determined to start them off on a square(p) and thorough foundation so far as their books were concerned(89). Now, does that sound like the words of a man against education? It is just that Booker T. Washington wanted his people to succeed and be the best in all areas of life including that of industrial work. He wanted his students to be well rounded so that after graduation they would be able to get any kind of job, whether it is relying solely on intellectual aspects or that of specific skill or trade. Washington was wel l aware of the success and independence one can attain from knowing specific skills needed within the society. With this ability, an individual can be self-employed and can always get jobs within the society.